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Séance de cours

Coefficients de diffusion : auto-diffusion et particules en suspension

Concepts associés (25)

Mass in special relativity

The word "mass" has two meanings in special relativity: invariant mass (also called rest mass) is an invariant quantity which is the same for all observers in all reference frames, while the relativistic mass is dependent on the velocity of the observer. According to the concept of mass–energy equivalence, invariant mass is equivalent to rest energy, while relativistic mass is equivalent to relativistic energy (also called total energy).

Gauss's law for magnetism

In physics, Gauss's law for magnetism is one of the four Maxwell's equations that underlie classical electrodynamics. It states that the magnetic field B has divergence equal to zero, in other words, that it is a solenoidal vector field. It is equivalent to the statement that magnetic monopoles do not exist. Rather than "magnetic charges", the basic entity for magnetism is the magnetic dipole. (If monopoles were ever found, the law would have to be modified, as elaborated below.

Time translation symmetry

Time translation symmetry or temporal translation symmetry (TTS) is a mathematical transformation in physics that moves the times of events through a common interval. Time translation symmetry is the law that the laws of physics are unchanged (i.e. invariant) under such a transformation. Time translation symmetry is a rigorous way to formulate the idea that the laws of physics are the same throughout history. Time translation symmetry is closely connected, via the Noether theorem, to conservation of energy.

Équations de Maxwell

vignette|Plaque représentant les équations de Maxwell au pied de la statue en hommage à James Clerk Maxwell d'Edimbourg. Les équations de Maxwell, aussi appelées équations de Maxwell-Lorentz, sont des lois fondamentales de la physique. Elles constituent, avec l'expression de la force électromagnétique de Lorentz, les postulats de base de l'électromagnétisme. Ces équations traduisent sous forme locale différents théorèmes (Gauss, Ampère, Faraday) qui régissaient l'électromagnétisme avant que Maxwell ne les réunisse sous forme d'équations intégrales.

Mouvement brownien