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Séance de cours

Intelligence visuelle: Machines et esprits

Concepts associés (23)

Evolutionism

Evolutionism is a term used (often derogatorily) to denote the theory of evolution. Its exact meaning has changed over time as the study of evolution has progressed. In the 19th century, it was used to describe the belief that organisms deliberately improved themselves through progressive inherited change (orthogenesis). The teleological belief went on to include cultural evolution and social evolution. In the 1970s, the term "Neo-Evolutionism" was used to describe the idea that "human beings sought to preserve a familiar style of life unless change was forced on them by factors that were beyond their control.

Vision périphérique

La vision périphérique est une partie importante de la vision humaine. Contrairement à la vision fovéale dans laquelle l’œil s’arrête (pendant 200 à ) sur un point de fixation pour obtenir des détails à haute résolution, la vision périphérique livre des impressions globales, comprimées et déformées du champ de vision total. Par des groupements systématiques des bâtonnets, la vision périphérique livre jusqu’à 100 (au lieu des 3 à 4 pour la vision fovéale). Elle permet donc la perception ultrarapide de mouvements, même pendant la nuit (vision scotopique).

Cultural evolution

Cultural evolution is an evolutionary theory of social change. It follows from the definition of culture as "information capable of affecting individuals' behavior that they acquire from other members of their species through teaching, imitation and other forms of social transmission". Cultural evolution is the change of this information over time. Cultural evolution, historically also known as sociocultural evolution, was originally developed in the 19th century by anthropologists stemming from Charles Darwin's research on evolution.