Ressource naturelleDe manière générale, une ressource naturelle est une substance, un organisme, un milieu ou un objet présent dans la nature, sans action humaine, et qui fait, dans la plupart des cas, l'objet d'une utilisation pour satisfaire les besoins (énergies, alimentation, agrément) des humains, animaux ou végétaux. Il peut s'agir : d'une matière première minérale (par exemple : l'eau douce, les granulats, les minerais métalliques...) ; d'un produit d'origine sauvage ( le bois, le poisson, le gibier...
Resource depletionResource depletion is the consumption of a resource faster than it can be replenished. Natural resources are commonly divided between renewable resources and non-renewable resources (see also mineral resource classification). Use of either of these forms of resources beyond their rate of replacement is considered to be resource depletion. The value of a resource is a direct result of its availability in nature and the cost of extracting the resource, the more a resource is depleted the more the value of the resource increases.
Natural resource managementNatural resource management (NRM) is the management of natural resources such as land, water, soil, plants and animals, with a particular focus on how management affects the quality of life for both present and future generations (stewardship). Natural resource management deals with managing the way in which people and natural landscapes interact. It brings together natural heritage management, land use planning, water management, bio-diversity conservation, and the future sustainability of industries like agriculture, mining, tourism, fisheries and forestry.
ResourceResource refers to all the materials available in our environment which are technologically accessible, economically feasible and culturally sustainable and help us to satisfy our needs and wants. Resources can broadly be classified upon their availability — they are classified into renewable and non-renewable resources. They can also be classified as actual and potential on the basis of the level of development and use, on the basis of origin they can be classified as biotic and abiotic, and on the basis of their distribution, as ubiquitous and localised (private, community-owned, national and international resources).
Tragédie des biens communsLa tragédie des biens communs, ou tragédie des communs, est un concept décrivant un phénomène collectif de surexploitation d'une ressource commune que l'on retrouve en économie, en écologie, en sociologie La tragédie des biens communs doit se produire dans une situation de compétition pour l'accès à une ressource limitée (créant un conflit entre l'intérêt individuel et le bien commun) face à laquelle la stratégie économique rationnelle aboutit à un résultat perdant-perdant.
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