Cycle of povertyIn economics, a cycle of poverty or poverty trap is caused by self-reinforcing mechanisms that cause poverty, once it exists, to persist unless there is outside intervention. It can persist across generations, and when applied to developing countries, is also known as a development trap. Families trapped in the cycle of poverty have few to no resources. There are many self-reinforcing disadvantages that make it virtually impossible for individuals to break the cycle.
Programme des Nations unies pour le développementLe Programme des Nations unies pour le développement (PNUD) fait partie des programmes et fonds de l'ONU. Son rôle est d'aider les pays en développement en leur fournissant des conseils mais également en plaidant leurs causes pour l'octroi de dons. C'est ainsi que ce programme travaille en collaboration avec de nombreux autres programmes comme l'Onusida et d'autres organisations internationales (UPU et OMS notamment). Son siège est situé à New York, aux États-Unis.
Poverty reductionPoverty reduction, poverty relief, or poverty alleviation is a set of measures, both economic and humanitarian, that are intended to permanently lift people out of poverty. Measures, like those promoted by Henry George in his economics classic Progress and Poverty, are those that raise, or are intended to raise, ways of enabling the poor to create wealth for themselves as a conduit of ending poverty forever. In modern times, various economists within the Georgism movement propose measures like the land value tax to enhance access to the natural world for all.
Theories of povertyTheories on the causes of poverty are the foundation upon which poverty reduction strategies are based. While in developed nations poverty is often seen as either a personal or a structural defect, in developing nations the issue of poverty is more profound due to the lack of governmental funds. Some theories on poverty in the developing world focus on cultural characteristics as a retardant of further development.
