Concept

Lactotropic cell

A lactotropic cell (also known as prolactin cell, epsilon acidophil, lactotrope, lactotroph, mammatroph, mammotroph) is a cell in the anterior pituitary which produces prolactin in response to hormonal signals including dopamine which is inhibitory and thyrotropin-releasing hormone and estrogen (especially during pregnancy), which are stimulatory. The inhibitory effects of dopamine override the stimulatory effects of TRH in non-pregnant, non-lactating sexually mature females. Other regulators include oxytocin and progesterone. Prolactin is involved in the maturation of mammary glands and their secretion of milk in association with oxytocin, estrogen, progesterone, glucocorticoids, and others. Prolactin has numerous other effects in both sexes. Prolactin cells are acidophilic by hematoxylin & eosin stains and comprise about 20% of all cells in the anterior pituitary gland. If these cells undergo neoplastic transformation, they will give rise to a prolactinoma, a prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma.

Source officielle

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactotropic_cell

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Awards: 1999 Young Investigator Award Plenary Lectureship , International Society for Neurochemistry 2011 Fellow , ESMRMB 2011 Teaching Award , Section Sciences de la Vie, EPFL

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Cristina Cudalbu obtained her Bachelors of Science degree in Medical Physics in 2002 and Masters of Science degree in Biophysics and Medical Physics in 2003, both from University Babes-Bolyai, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. In 2006 she obtained her PhD degree in Localized Proton MRS and time domain quantification of cerebral metabolites at 7T and 4.7T at University Lyon 1, RMN Laboratory, Villeurbanne, France.In 2007, she joined, as a Scientist, the Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging at EPFL, where she implemented new acquisition and quantification techniques for in vivo nitrogen, proton and carbon MRS for preclinical studies. Starting 2012, Cristina Cudalbu was appointed as Research Staff Scientist and 9.4T MRI Operational Manager at Centre d’Imagerie Biomédicale (CIBM) at EPFL. She is now developing new research lines at CIBM, being oriented towards new acquisition and quantification techniques for in vivo proton, phosphorous, carbon, nitrogen MRS and fast MRSI, diffusion weighted spectroscopy and brain macromolecules quantification. She is now applying these developments on chronic hepatic encephalopathy, a research area that she developed at CIBM (https://actu.epfl.ch/news/when-liver-disease-affects-the-brain/), and on different collaborative projects with researchers from the five partner institutions of CIBM.

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Concepts associés (7)

Adénome hypophysaire

Un adénome hypophysaire est une tumeur cérébrale située dans l'hypophyse. Les causes du développement d'un adénome hypophysaire restent inconnues. Un examen cérébral systématique décèle une image évocatrice dans 10 % de la population, sans aucune conséquence. La prévalence des adénomes symptomatiques est comprise entre 1 sur et 1 sur . Les adénomes hypophysaires sont dans la plupart des cas bénins. Un adénome hypophysaire peut être asymptomatique, car de petite taille et non sécrétant.

Prolactinome

A prolactinoma is a tumor (adenoma) of the pituitary gland that produces the hormone prolactin. It is the most common type of functioning pituitary tumor. Symptoms of prolactinoma are due to abnormally high levels of prolactin in the blood (hyperprolactinemia), or due to pressure of the tumor on surrounding tissues. Based on size, a prolactinoma can be classified as a microprolactinoma (10 mm diameter).

Cabergoline

La cabergoline est un dérivé de l'ergot du seigle, agissant comme agoniste dopaminergique. L'administration de cette molécule comme agent antiparkinsonien se transforme en un traitement de deuxième ligne (après l'utilisation d'agents non dérivés de l'ergot). Au Japon en 2007, des études montrent un lien entre l'utilisation de ces agents dérivés de l'ergot du seigle et des valvulopathies cardiaques. Catégorie:Agoniste du récepteur 5-HT2B Catégorie:Agoniste de la dopamine Catégorie:Composé allylique Catégori

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