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Concept

Effector (biology)

Publications associées (24)

From Sequence to Dynamics to Function: Computational Design of Allostery and Ligand Selectivity in G-Protein Coupled Receptors

Mahdi Hijazi

The phenomenon of allostery, a general property in proteins that has been heralded as "the second secret of life" remains elusive to our understanding and even more challenging to incorporate into protein design. One example of allosteric proteins with gre ...

EPFL2024

Balancing the Nanoscale Organization in Multivalent Materials for Functional Inhibition of the Programmed Death-1 Immune Checkpoint

Maartje Martina Cornelia Bastings, Kaltrina Paloja, Jorieke Weiden

Dendritic cells (DCs) regulate immune priming by expressing programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and PD-L2, which interact with the inhibitory receptor PD-1 on activated T cells. PD-1 signaling regulates T cell effector functions and limits autoimmunity. Tumo ...

Amer Chemical Soc2023

Reprogramming G Protein-Coupled Receptor Structure, Function And Signaling By Computational Design

Dániel Kéri

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are 7-transmembrane alpha-helical integral membrane proteins on which cells heavily rely to receive information regarding their external environment. These receptors are able to transfer information to intracellular down ...

EPFL2021

Hybrid Transcriptional Regulators for the Screening of Target DNA Motifs in Organohalide-Respiring Bacteria

Christof Holliger, Julien Maillard, Mathilde Stéphanie Willemin, Marie Vingerhoets

The bioremediation of persistent organohalide molecules under anoxic conditions mostly relies on the bacterial process called organohalide respiration (OHR). Organohalide-respiring bacteria (OHRB) are phylogenetically diverse anaerobic bacteria that share ...

Frontiers Media SA2020

Mechanics and co-evolution of allosteric materials and proteins

Riccardo Ravasio

The regulation of several processes inside and outside the cell depends on the action of a particular class of enzymes, called allosteric. In allosteric macromolecules, binding a ligand at one site affects the binding activity at a distal functional site, ...

EPFL2020

Development of chemical biology tools to reveal the function and organization of the silenced chromatin state

Nora Guidotti

Effector proteins are recruited to chromatin via transient interactions between their reader domains and histone post-translational modification (PTM) patterns. These interactions form signaling pathways that control gene expression or repression and which ...

EPFL2020

Observing protein interaction dynamics to chemically defined chromatin fibers by colocalization single-molecule fluorescence microscopy

Beat Fierz, Maxime Nicolas Mivelaz

In eukaryotic cells, the genome is packaged into chromatin and exists in different states, ranging from open euchromatic regions to highly condensed heterochromatic regions. Chromatin states are highly dynamic and are organized by an interplay of histone p ...

2020

Polarly Localized EccE(1) Is Required for ESX-1 Function and Stabilization of ESX-1 Membrane Proteins in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Stewart Cole, Claudia Sala, Ming Zhang, Jérémie Piton, Paloma Julia Soler Arnedo

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a slow-growing intracellular bacterium with the ability to induce host cell death and persist indefinitely in the human body. This pathogen uses the specialized ESX-1 secretion system to secrete virulence factors and potent im ...

American Society for Microbiology2020

Chemical and biophysical methods to explore dynamic mechanisms of chromatin silencing

Beat Fierz, Iuliia Boichenko

Chromatin, the nucleoprotein complex organizing the genome, is central in regulating gene expression and genome organization. Chromatin conformational dynamics, controlled by histone post-translational modifications (PTM) and effector proteins, play a key ...

2019

Mechanics of Allostery: Contrasting the Induced Fit and Population Shift Scenarios

Matthieu Wyart, Stefano Zamuner, Riccardo Ravasio, Solange Marie Flatt

In allosteric proteins, binding a ligand can affect function at a distant location, for example, by changing the binding affinity of a substrate at the active site. The induced fit and population shift models, which differ by the assumed number of stable c ...

CELL PRESS2019

EspL is essential for virulence and stabilizes EspE, EspF and EspH levels in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Stewart Cole, Claudia Sala, Andrej Benjak, Nina Theres Odermatt, Paloma Julia Soler Arnedo, Sofia Ulrika Magnusdotter Von Schultz

The ESX-1, type VII, secretion system represents the major virulence determinant of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, one of the most successful intracellular pathogens. Here, by combining genetic and high-throughput approaches, we show that EspL, a protein of 1 ...

PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE2018

Deciphering the chromatin binding mechanisms of human HP1 variants at the single-molecule level

Louise Catherine Bryan

In eukaryotic cells, DNA is tightly packed in the form chromatin. The basic structure of chromatin is a nucleosome composed of 147 bp DNA wrapped around eight histone proteins; two copies of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4. These histone proteins are decorated with pa ...

EPFL2018

Dynamic protein-chromatin interactions in heterochromatin and during the DNA damage response on the single molecule level

Andreas Linus Bachmann

Dynamic regulation of chromatin, a structure consisting of DNA and histone proteins, is mediated through histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) and effector proteins. HP1a and PRC2 are recruited to repressive PTMs (H3K9me3, H3K27me3) and enable he ...

EPFL2018

Lab-on-a-chip technologies for manipulation and imaging of C. elegans worms and embryos

Li Dong

The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is an attractive model organism, owing notably to its short life cycle, genetic tractability, and optical transparency facilitating microscopic observation. This thesis deals with the realization of technological tools f ...

EPFL2018

Single-molecule kinetic analysis of HP1-chromatin binding reveals a dynamic network of histone modification and DNA interactions

Vassily Hatzimanikatis, Georg Fantner, Beat Fierz, Oliver Hantschel, Sandrine Madeleine Suzanne Georgeon, Louise Catherine Bryan, Pascal Damian Odermatt, Sinan Kilic, Andreas Linus Bachmann, Daniel Robert Weilandt, Carolin Christine Lechner

Chromatin recruitment of effector proteins involved in gene regulation depends on multivalent interaction with histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) and structural features of the chromatin fiber. Due to the complex interactions involved, it is c ...

Oxford University Press (OUP)2017

Lysine acetylation stoichiometry and proteomics analyses reveal pathways regulated by sirtuin 1 in human cells

Diego Chiappe

Lysine acetylation is a widespread posttranslational modification affecting many biological pathways. Recent studies indicate that acetylated lysine residues mainly exhibit low acetylation occupancy, but challenges in sample preparation and analysis make i ...

Amer Soc Biochemistry Molecular Biology Inc2017

Heterochromatin protein 1 recruitment and chromatin conformational dynamics at the single-molecule level

Sinan Kilic

Chromatin is the template on which DNA-associated transactions take place in eukaryotic organisms. Nucleosomes consisting of the four histones H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 each organize ~150bp of DNA and constitute a first layer of chromatin. The three-dimensional ...

EPFL2017

Structure of a pathogen effector reveals the enzymatic mechanism of a novel acetyltransferase family

Shuguang Yuan

Effectors secreted by the type Ill secretion system are essential for bacterial pathogenesis. Members of the Yersinia outer-protein J (YopJ) family of effectors found in diverse plant and animal pathogens depend on a protease-like catalytic triad to acetyl ...

Nature Research2016

Modularity and determinants of a (bi-)polarization control system from free-living and obligate intracellular bacteria

Suliana Manley, Seamus John Holden

Although free-living and obligate intracellular bacteria are both polarized it is unclear whether the underlying polarization mechanisms and effector proteins are conserved. Here we dissect at the cytological, functional and structural level a conserved po ...

Elife Sciences Publications Ltd2016

On-chip microfluidic biocommunication assay for studying male-induced demise in C. elegans hermaphrodites

Martinus Adela Maria Gijs, Thomas Lehnert, Matteo Cornaglia, Li Dong

Like other animals, C. elegans nematodes have the ability to socially interact and to communicate through exchange and sensing of small soluble signaling compounds that help them cope with complex environmental conditions. For the time being, worm biocommu ...

Royal Soc Chemistry2016