Mediaspace scheduled maintenance: Aug 25, 2026 07:00 - 12:00 AM. During this time, videos will be temporarily unavailable. Check status updates.

Concept

Acétylcholine

Publications associées (27)

Reward signals in the motor cortex: from biology to neurotechnology

Solaiman Shokur, Pierre Theopistos Vassiliadis

Over the past decade, research has shown that the primary motor cortex (M1), the brain's main output for movement, also responds to rewards. These reward signals may shape motor output in its final stages, influencing movement invigoration and motor learni ...

NATURE PORTFOLIO2025

Plasticity of sensory representations in the posterior insular cortex during fear learning

Denys Osypenko

Aversively-motivated associative learning allows animals to avoid harm and thus ensures survival. Aversive learning can be studied by the fear learning paradigm, in which an innocuous sensory stimulus like a tone (conditioned stimulus, CS), acquires a nega ...

EPFL2023

Neuromodulation of neocortical microcircuitry: a multi-scale framework to model the effects of cholinergic release

Cristina Colangelo

Neuromodulation of neocortical microcircuits is one of the most fascinating and mysterious aspects of brain physiology. Despite over a century of research, the neuroscientific community has yet to uncover the fundamental biological organizing principles un ...

EPFL2022

Mechanistic Understanding of Neurobehavioral Effects of Insecticides on the Larvae of Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Sarah-Katharina Könemann

Due to conservation of neuronal functioning across phyla, molecular targets of insecticides are similar in insects and vertebrates. Insecticides thus pose a risk to aquatic vertebrates, such as fish, and potentially cause neurotoxic effects. Although these ...

EPFL2022

Accuracy of Molecular Simulation-Based Predictions of k(off) Values: A Metadynamics Study

Ursula Röthlisberger, Simone Meloni, Viacheslav Bolnykh

The k(off) values of ligands unbinding to proteins are key parameters for drug discovery. Their predictions based on molecular simulation may under- or overestimate experiment in a system- and/or technique-dependent way. Here we use an established method-i ...

AMER CHEMICAL SOC2020

Cellular, Synaptic and Network Effects of Acetylcholine in the Neocortex

Henry Markram, Daniel Keller, Srikanth Ramaswamy, Cristina Colangelo, Polina Shichkova

The neocortex is densely innervated by basal forebrain (BF) cholinergic neurons. Long-range axons of cholinergic neurons regulate higher-order cognitive function and dysfunction in the neocortex by releasing acetylcholine (ACh). ACh release dynamically rec ...

2019

Nicotine increases sleep spindle activity

Christian O'Reilly

Studies have shown that both nicotine and sleep spindles are associated with enhanced memorisation. Further, a few recent studies have shown how cholinergic input through nicotinic and muscarinic receptors can trigger or modulate sleep processes in general ...

WILEY2019

Associations between genetic variations and global motion perception

Michael Herzog

The cholinergic system is known to strongly modulate perceptual and cognitive processes, and the alpha7 subunit of the cholinergic nicotinic receptor (CHRNA7) is broadly expressed within the visual system. Here, we assessed whether genetic variations of CH ...

2019

Hybrid peripheral-spinal neuroprosthesis for refined motor execution after paralysis

Sophie Marie Marthe Wurth

Spinal cord injury (SCI) disrupts the communication between the brain and the spinal circuits responsible for movement, thereby causing severe motor deficits. Current strategies to restore function to paralyzed limbs have separately investigated electrical ...

EPFL2018

Visual backward masking and the schizophrenia spectrum: EEG correlates

Michael Herzog, Maya Roinishvili, Albulena Jashari-Shaqiri, Janir Nuno Ramos Antunes Da Cruz, Ophélie Gladys Favrod

Schizophrenia is a heterogeneous disease strongly influenced by genetic factors. We have previously shown that visual backward masking (VBM) is a very sensitive endophenotype of schizophrenia (Chkonia et al., 2010). Importantly, not only patients but also ...

2017

Dithiol amino acids can structurally shape and enhance the ligand-binding properties of polypeptides

Christian Heinis, Florence Pojer, Rudolf Hovius, Shiyu Chen, Ranganath Gopalakrishnan

The disulfide bonds that form between two cysteine residues are important in defining and rigidifying the structures of proteins and peptides. In polypeptides containing multiple cysteine residues, disulfide isomerization can lead to multiple products with ...

Nature Publishing Group2014

Cortical Control of Whisker Movement

Carl Petersen

Facial muscles drive whisker movements, which are important for active tactile sensory perception in mice and rats. These whisker muscles are innervated by cholinergic motor neurons located in the lateral facial nucleus. The whisker motor neurons receive s ...

Annual Reviews2014

Schizophrenia and visual backward masking: a general deficit of target enhancement

Michael Herzog, Maya Roinishvili

The obvious symptoms of schizophrenia are of cognitive and psychopathological nature. However, schizophrenia affects also visual processing which becomes particularly evident when stimuli are presented for short durations and are followed by a masking stim ...

Frontiers Media2013

Genome-Wide Histone Acetylation Is Altered in a Transgenic Mouse Model of Huntington's Disease

In Huntington's disease (HD; MIM ID # 143100), a fatal neurodegenerative disorder, transcriptional dysregulation is a key pathogenic feature. Histone modifications are altered in multiple cellular and animal models of HD suggesting a potential mechanism fo ...

Public Library Science2012

Acetylcholine Receptor Organization in Membrane Domains in Muscle Cells: EVIDENCE FOR RAPSYN-INDEPENDENT AND RAPSYN-DEPENDENT MECHANISMS

Horst Arthur Vogel, Rudolf Hovius, Jean-Manuel Segura, Joachim Piguet, Christoph Schreiter

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) in muscle fibers are densely packed in the postsynaptic region at the neuromuscular junction. Rapsyn plays a central role in directing and clustering nAChR during cellular differentiation and neuromuscular junction ...

American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology2011

Feasibility of in vivo N-15 MRS detection of hyperpolarized N-15 labeled choline in rats

Rolf Gruetter, Arnaud Comment, Cristina Ramona Cudalbu Moldovan, Sami Jannin, Ruud van Heeswijk

The increase of total choline in tumors has become an important biomarker in cancer diagnosis. Choline and choline metabolites can be measured in vivo and in vitro using multinuclear MRS. Recent in vivo C-13 MRS studies using labeled substrates enhanced vi ...

2010

Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy to Study Plasma Membrane Protein Dynamics

Joachim Piguet

Membrane protein dynamics is of great importance for living organisms. The precise localization of proteins composing a synapse on the membrane facing a nerve terminus is essential for proper functioning of the nervous system. In muscle fibers, the nicotin ...

EPFL2010

Biosensor microprobe arrays for in vivo monitoring of neurotransmitters

Real-time monitoring of neurotransmitters is of utmost importance for understanding the functioning of the brain. Especially L-glutamate and choline play a major role in chemical signalling and are highly involved in cognitive functions such as learning, m ...

EPFL2010

Characterization of the 5HT3 receptor in live cells and in vitro : heterologous expression, isolation and reconstitution in lipid membranes

The serotonin type 3 receptor (5HT3R) is a homopentameric, cation selective channel that mediates fast excitatory transmission in the nervous system. It is a member of the Cys-loop family of receptors that include the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nACh ...

EPFL2009

Proton NMR of15N-choline metabolites enhanced by dynamic nuclear polarization

Rolf Gruetter, Geoffrey Bodenhausen, Arnaud Comment, Sami Jannin, Riddhiman Sarkar, Paul Romeo Vasos

(Figure Presented) Chemical shifts of protons can report on metabolic transformations such as the conversion of choline to phosphocholine. To follow such processes in vivo, magnetization can be enhanced by dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP). We have hyperp ...

2009