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Concept

Gliotransmitter

Publications associées (23)

Striatal Dopamine Signals and Reward Learning

Carl Petersen, Sylvain Crochet, Yanqi Liu, Parviz Ghaderi, Christos Sourmpis, Pol Bech Vilaseca, Mauro Pulin, Anthony Pierre Robert Renard, Meriam Malekzadeh, Robin François Virginien Dard

We are constantly bombarded by sensory information and constantly making decisions on how to act. In order to optimally adapt behavior, we must judge which sequences of sensory inputs and actions lead to successful outcomes in specific circumstances. Neuro ...

Oxford Univ Press2023

Wnt5a promotes hippocampal postsynaptic development and GluN2B-induced expression via the eIF2 alpha HRI kinase

Eva Ramos Fernandez

Wnt signaling plays a key role in neurodevelopment and neuronal maturation. Specifically, Wnt5a stimulates postsynaptic assemblies, increases glutamatergic neurotransmission and, through calcium signaling, generates nitric oxide (NO). Trying to unveil the ...

Nature Research2021

Homeostatic regulation of axonal Kv1.1 channels accounts for both synaptic and intrinsic modifications in the hippocampal CA3 circuit

Mickael Maurice Zbili

Homeostatic plasticity of intrinsic excitability goes hand in hand with homeostatic plasticity of synaptic transmission. However, the mechanisms linking the two forms of homeostatic regulation have not been identified so far. Using electrophysiological, im ...

National Academy of Sciences2021

Dysfunction of homeostatic control of dopamine by astrocytes in the developing prefrontal cortex leads to cognitive impairments

Graham Knott, Nicole Déglon, Corrado Cali

Astrocytes orchestrate neural development by powerfully coordinating synapse formation and function and, as such, may be critically involved in the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental abnormalities and cognitive deficits commonly observed in psychiatric dis ...

2020

Impairment of Glycolysis-Derived L-Serine Production in Astrocytes Contributes to Cognitive Deficits in Alzheimer's Disease

Graham Knott

Alteration of brain aerobic glycolysis is often observed early in the course of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Whether and how such metabolic dysregulation contributes to both synaptic plasticity and behavioral deficits in AD is not known. Here, we show that th ...

Cell Press2020

Norepinephrine stimulates glycogenolysis in astrocytes to fuel neurons with lactate

Pierre Magistretti, Henry Markram, Felix Schürmann, Daniel Keller, Jay Coggan, Corrado Cali

Although efficient compared to computers, the human brain utilizes energy at 10-fold the rate of other organs by mass. How the brain is supplied with sufficient on-demand energy to support its activity in the absence of neuronal storage capacity remains un ...

2018

Regulation Of Neuron-Astrocyte Metabolic Coupling Across The Sleep-Wake Cycle

Pierre Magistretti

Over the last thirty years, a growing number of studies showed that astrocytes play a pivotal role in the energy support to synapses. More precisely, astrocytes adjust energy production to neuronal energy needs through different mechanisms grouped under th ...

Elsevier2016

Deciphering the astrocyte-neuron metabolic cooperation in vivo

Manuel Raphael Zenger

Brain energy consumption is high and a very tightly regulated energy metabolism ensures correct performance. Neurons, the cells responsible for transmitting information via synapses, interact very closely with star shaped glial cells called astrocytes. Ast ...

EPFL2015

In Vivo Measurement of Cell-Type-Specific Synaptic Connectivity and Synaptic Transmission in Layer 2/3 Mouse Barrel Cortex

Carl Petersen, Aurélie Pala

Intracellular recordings of membrane potential in vitro have defined fundamental properties of synaptic communication. Much less is known about the properties of synaptic connectivity and synaptic transmission in vivo. Here, we combined single-cell opto-ge ...

Cell Press2015

Channel-Mediated Lactate Release by K+-Stimulated Astrocytes

Pierre Magistretti, Patrick Aebischer, Bernard Schneider, Sylvain Eric Lengacher

Excitatory synaptic transmission is accompanied by a local surge in interstitial lactate that occurs despite adequate oxygen availability, a puzzling phenomenon termed aerobic glycolysis. In addition to its role as an energy substrate, recent studies have ...

Society for Neuroscience2015

GDH-Dependent Glutamate Oxidation in the Brain Dictates Peripheral Energy Substrate Distribution

Rolf Gruetter

Glucose, the main energy substrate used in the CNS, is continuously supplied by the periphery. Glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter, is foreseen as a complementary energy contributor in the brain. In particular, astrocytes actively take up glut ...

Elsevier2015

Neuronal medium that supports basic synaptic functions and activity of human neurons in vitro

Human cell reprogramming technologies offer access to live human neurons from patients and provide a new alternative for modeling neurological disorders in vitro. Neural electrical activity is the essence of nervous system function in vivo. Therefore, we e ...

National Academy of Sciences2015

An Alien Divalent Ion Reveals a Major Role for Ca2+ Buffering in Controlling Slow Transmitter Release

Ralf Schneggenburger, Daniel Keller, Olexiy Kochubey

Ca2+-dependent transmitter release occurs in a fast and in a slow phase, but the differential roles of Ca2+ buffers and Ca2+ sensors in shaping release kinetics are still controversial. Replacing extracellular Ca2+ by Sr2+ causes decreased fast release but ...

2014

Elucidating the role of neuron-astrocyte metabolic coupling in learning and memory : molecular, genetic and behavioural approaches

Monika Tadi

The brain has very high energy demands that are mainly met by the circulating blood glucose to ensure its proper functioning. Thus, it is not surprising that though the human brain weighs only 2- 3% of the body weight, it consumes approximately 25% of tota ...

EPFL2013

Hijacking the Neuronal NMDAR Signaling Circuit to Promote Tumor Growth and Invasion

Douglas Hanahan, Leanne Li

Glutamate and its receptor N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) have been associated with cancer, although their functions are not fully understood. Herein, we implicate glutamate-driven NMDAR signaling in a mouse model of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumori ...

Cell Press2013

Ca2+ channels and transmitter release at the active zone

Ralf Schneggenburger, Olexiy Kochubey, Yunyun Han

Ca2+-dependent transmitter release is the most important signaling mechanism for fast information transfer between neurons. Transmitter release takes places at highly specialized active zones with sub-micrometer dimension, which contain the molecular machi ...

Elsevier2012

Emergent Properties of in silico Synaptic Transmission in a Model of the Rat Neocortical Column

Srikanth Ramaswamy

The cerebral cortex occupies nearly 80% of the entire volume of the mammalian brain and is thought to subserve higher cognitive functions like memory, attention and sensory perception. The neocortex is the newest part in the evolution of the cerebral corte ...

EPFL2011

Lentiviral Transgenesis as a Tool to Study the Role of Uncoupling Protein Isoforms in the Nervous System

Hélène Danielle Perreten Lambert

A tight coupling exists between synaptic activity and glucose utilization by astrocytes. Metabolic cooperation between neurons and astrocytes mediates this coupling. During synaptic activation, glutamate that is released in the synaptic cleft as a neurotra ...

EPFL2011

Regulation of transmitter release by Ca2+ and synaptotagmin: insights from a large CNS synapse

Ralf Schneggenburger, Olexiy Kochubey

Transmitter release at synapses is driven by elevated intracellular Ca2+ concentration (Ca2+) near the sites of vesicle fusion. Ca2+ signals of profoundly different amplitude and kinetics drive the phasic release component during a presynaptic ac ...

2011

Astrocyte-neuron metabolic relationships: for better and for worse

Pierre Magistretti, Igor Allaman

In recent years, previously unsuspected roles of astrocytes have been revealed, largely owing to the development of new tools enabling their selective study in situ. These exciting findings add to the large body of evidence demonstrating that astrocytes pl ...

Elsevier2011