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Concept

Holocène

Publications associées (20)

Seascape Genomics of the Sugar Kelp Saccharina latissima along the North Eastern Atlantic Latitudinal Gradient

Chloé Christiane Laurence Jollivet

Temperature is one of the most important range-limiting factors for many seaweeds. Driven by the recent climatic changes, rapid northward shifts of species' distribution ranges can potentially modify the phylogeographic signature of Last Glacial Maximum. W ...

MDPI2020

Quantifying the effects of land use and climate on Holocene vegetation in Europe

Jed Oliver Kaplan

Early agriculture can be detected in palaeovegetation records, but quantification of the relative importance of climate and land use in influencing regional vegetation composition since the onset of agriculture is a topic that is rarely addressed. We prese ...

Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd2017

Late Holocene climate: Natural or anthropogenic?

Jed Oliver Kaplan

For more than a decade, scientists have argued about the warmth of the current interglaciation. Was the warmth of the preindustrial late Holocene natural in origin, the result of orbital changes that had not yet driven the system into a new glacial state? ...

Amer Geophysical Union2016

Subfossil peatland trees as proxies for Holocene palaeohydrology and palaeoclimate

Luca Bragazza

Due to the scarcity of reliable and highly resolved moisture proxies covering much of the Holocene, there has been increased interest in the study of living and subfossil peatland trees sensitive to gradual and extreme changes in hydrology, precipitation, ...

Elsevier Science Bv2016

The climate of Europe during the Holocene: a gridded pollen-based reconstruction and its multi-proxy evaluation

Jed Oliver Kaplan, Achille Mauri, Basil Andrew Stansfield Davis, Pamela Collins

We present a new gridded climate reconstruction for Europe for the last 12,000 years based on pollen data. The reconstruction is an update of Davis et al. (2003) using the same methodology, but with a greatly expanded fossil and surface-sample dataset and ...

Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd2015

The influence of atmospheric circulation on the mid-Holocene climate of Europe: a data-model comparison

Jed Oliver Kaplan, Achille Mauri, Basil Andrew Stansfield Davis, Pamela Collins

The atmospheric circulation is a key area of uncertainty in climate model simulations of future climate change, especially in mid-latitude regions such as Europe where atmospheric dynamics have a significant role in climate variability. It has been propose ...

Copernicus Gesellschaft Mbh2014

Exploring potential drivers of European biomass burning over the Holocene: a data-model analysis

Jed Oliver Kaplan

AimTo reconstruct spatial and temporal patterns of European fire activity during the Holocene and to explore their potential drivers, by relating biomass burning to simulated biotic and abiotic parameters. LocationEurope. MethodsHolocene fire activity was ...

Wiley-Blackwell2013

Drivers of Holocene Land Cover Change in Europe

Pamela Collins

The modern vegetation of Europe is a product of its history. Climate change, plant migration, and human activity have all been important drivers of Holocene (11,500 years ago to the present) vegetation dynamics, but it is difficult to disentangle the relat ...

EPFL2013

Climate or migration: what limited European beech post-glacial colonization?

Basil Andrew Stansfield Davis

AimDespite the recent improvements made in species distribution models (SDMs), assessing species' ability to migrate fast enough to track their climate optimum remains a challenge. This study achieves this goal and demonstrates the reliability of a process ...

Wiley-Blackwell2013

The mid-Holocene vegetation of the Mediterranean region and southern Europe, and comparison with the present day

Jed Oliver Kaplan, Basil Andrew Stansfield Davis, Pamela Collins

Aim To contribute to the intense debate surrounding the relative influence of climate and humans on Mediterranean-region land cover over the past 6000 years, we assess the Holocene biogeography and vegetation history of southern Europe by means of an exten ...

Wiley-Blackwell2012

Flooding of the continental shelves as a contributor to deglacial CH4 rise

Jed Oliver Kaplan

The transition from the last glacial and beginning of BollingAllerod and Pre-Boreal periods in particular is marked by rapid increases in atmospheric methane (CH4) concentrations. The CH4 concentrations reached during these intervals, similar to 650750 ppb ...

Wiley-Blackwell2012

Pollen-based continental climate reconstructions at 6 and 21 ka: a global synthesis

Basil Andrew Stansfield Davis

Subfossil pollen and plant macrofossil data derived from C-14-dated sediment profiles can provide quantitative information on glacial and interglacial climates. The data allow climate variables related to growing-season warmth, winter cold, and plant-avail ...

2011

Holocene history of Lac des Lauzons (2180 m a.s.l.), reconstructed from multiproxy analyses of Coleoptera, plant macroremains and pollen (Hautes-Alpes, France)

Alexandre Buttler

A 1.70 m core extracted from the Lac des Lauzons, Haut Champsaur, French Alps, at 2180 m altitude, provided a detailed Holocene record of beetles, pollen and plant macrofossils, enabling the reconstruction of local palaeoenvironmental changes during the la ...

2011

Modelling prehistoric land use and carbon budgets: A critical review

Jed Oliver Kaplan

An evaluation of modelled estimates for C release following early land clearance at the global level based on new model assumptions suggests that earlier studies may have underestimated its magnitude, chiefly because of underestimation of the mid-Holocene ...

2011

Holocene carbon emissions as a result of anthropogenic land cover change

Jed Oliver Kaplan, Kristen Marie Krumhardt

Humans have altered the Earth’s land surface since the Paleolithic mainly by clearing woody vegetation first to improve hunting and gathering opportunities, and later to provide agricultural cropland. In the Holocene, agriculture was established on nearly ...

2011

Response of testate amoeba assemblages to environmental and climatic changes during the Lateglacial-Holocene transition at Lake Lautrey (Jura Mountains, eastern France)

We tested the response of lacustrine testate amoebae (thecamoebians) to climate and environmental changes for the Lateglacial-Holocene transition. The palaeoenvironmental history of the study site (Lake Lautrey, Jura Mountains, eastern France) was previous ...

2010

Effects of climatic change and bog development on Holocene tufa formation in the Lorze Valley (central Switzerland)

A massive tufa complex in the lower Lorze Valley ( 550 m a.s.l., north-central Switzerland) formed between 9000 and 5000 cal. yr BP. In the plain 4 km southeast of the complex lies Neugrundmoor ( 830 m a.s.l.), a mire in the hydrologic recharge area of the ...

2010

Could anthropogenic soil erosion have influenced Mediterranean vegetation distribution over the Holocene?

Jed Oliver Kaplan, Basil Andrew Stansfield Davis, Pamela Collins

The circum-Mediterranean region is characterized by a strongly seasonal climate with rainy winters and intense summertime drought, steep topography, and a multi-millennial history of intensive human land use, all of which make its soils vulnerable to erosi ...

IOP Publishing2010

The prehistoric and preindustrial deforestation of Europe

Jed Oliver Kaplan, Kristen Marie Krumhardt

Humans have transformed Europe’s landscapes since the establishment of the first agricultural societies in the mid-Holocene. The most important anthropogenic alteration of the natural environment was the clearing of forests to establish cropland and pastur ...

2009

Variations in leaf area index in northern and eastern North America over the past 21,000 years: a data-model comparison

Jed Oliver Kaplan

Over the past 10 years, there has been a growing debate about the relative importance of late-Quaternary variations in climate and CO2 as drivers of changes in vegetation structure. In this study, we compare new datasets of pollen-reconstructed leaf area i ...

2008