Publication

Glial Glycogen Metabolism

2009
Book Chapters

Abstract

Glycogen represents the largest energy reserve of the brain and is almost quite exclusively localized in astrocytes. In the first part of this article, a summary of our knowledge concerning brain glycogen metabolism and its regulation is presented. The second part focuses on potential evidence that glycogen can serve as energy substrate during neuronal activation, as well as on the role of brain glycogen as an emergency reserve in case of insufficient energy supply. These data are discussed in reference to the emerging concept of neuron–glia metabolic interactions

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2009
Book Chapters

Abstract

Official source

Related concepts (32)

Glycogen

Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a form of energy storage in animals, fungi, and bacteria. It is the main storage form of glucose in the human body. Glycogen functions as one of two forms of energy reserves, glycogen being for short-term and the other form being triglyceride stores in adipose tissue (i.e., body fat) for long-term storage. In humans, glycogen is made and stored primarily in the cells of the liver and skeletal muscle.

Astrocyte

Astrocytes (from Ancient Greek ἄστρον, ástron, "star" + κύτος, kútos, "cavity", "cell"), also known collectively as astroglia, are characteristic star-shaped glial cells in the brain and spinal cord. They perform many functions, including biochemical control of endothelial cells that form the blood–brain barrier, provision of nutrients to the nervous tissue, maintenance of extracellular ion balance, regulation of cerebral blood flow, and a role in the repair and scarring process of the brain and spinal cord following infection and traumatic injuries.

Glycogen phosphorylase

Glycogen phosphorylase is one of the phosphorylase enzymes (). Glycogen phosphorylase catalyzes the rate-limiting step in glycogenolysis in animals by releasing glucose-1-phosphate from the terminal alpha-1,4-glycosidic bond. Glycogen phosphorylase is also studied as a model protein regulated by both reversible phosphorylation and allosteric effects. Glycogen phosphorylase breaks up glycogen into glucose subunits (see also figure below): (α-1,4 glycogen chain)n + Pi ⇌ (α-1,4 glycogen chain)n-1 + α-D-glucose-1-phosphate.

Related publications (7)

Glial Glycogen Metabolism

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