Publication

Finite element analysis of knee squat with an osteochondral defect

2011
Student Projects

Abstract

In this work a 3D musculoskeletal model of the knee joint, that can simulate a squat movement, has been developed. Such a model would be useful to understand the biomechanics of the knee. The model consisted of all the the bones with their articular surfaces, all relevant ligaments, the patella tendon and the quadriceps muscle. The squat movement is only regulated through velocity elongation of the quadriceps only. A squat movement between knee angles of 9° and 47° could be performed before element distortion occurred. The model outcome was compared with other numerical results, obtained from the literature. An osteochondral defect of 1 square mm in the femoral cartilage was mimicked and replaced with cartilage having stiffer, softer and normal properties. The softer defect reached 5.5% more in compression than the normal defect. In the stiffer defect 4% less compression occurred compared to the normal defect.

Official source

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/f90dcc8e-1e2b-418c-9320-40cdc5517c29

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2011
Student Projects

Abstract

Official source

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/f90dcc8e-1e2b-418c-9320-40cdc5517c29

About this result

Related concepts (32)

Knee

In humans and other primates, the knee joins the thigh with the leg and consists of two joints: one between the femur and tibia (tibiofemoral joint), and one between the femur and patella (patellofemoral joint). It is the largest joint in the human body. The knee is a modified hinge joint, which permits flexion and extension as well as slight internal and external rotation. The knee is vulnerable to injury and to the development of osteoarthritis. It is often termed a compound joint having tibiofemoral and patellofemoral components.

Knee replacement

Knee replacement, also known as knee arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure to replace the weight-bearing surfaces of the knee joint to relieve pain and disability, most commonly offered when joint pain is not diminished by conservative sources. It may also be performed for other knee diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis. In patients with severe deformity from advanced rheumatoid arthritis, trauma, or long-standing osteoarthritis, the surgery may be more complicated and carry higher risk.

Cartilage

Cartilage is a resilient and smooth type of connective tissue. In tetrapods, it covers and protects the ends of long bones at the joints as articular cartilage, and is a structural component of many body parts including the rib cage, the neck and the bronchial tubes, and the intervertebral discs. In other taxa, such as chondrichthyans, but also in cyclostomes, it may constitute a much greater proportion of the skeleton. It is not as hard and rigid as bone, but it is much stiffer and much less flexible than muscle.

Related publications (5)

Finite element analysis of knee squat with an osteochondral defect

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