APOBEC3-independent interferon-induced viral clearance in hepatitis B virus transgenic mice

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Background Excessive inflammation, hemolysis, and accumulation of labile heme play an essential role in the pathophysiology of multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) in sepsis. Alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT), an acute phase protein with heme binding capacity, i ...

Background and Aims:The clinical spectrum of human infection by HEV ranges from asymptomatic to severe acute hepatitis. Furthermore, HEV can cause diverse neurological manifestations, especially Parsonage-Turner syndrome. Here, we used a large-scale human ...

Hosts and pathogens are involved in a long-standing evolutionary arms race characterized by successive rounds of evolution. Specifically, while hosts evolve resistance against infections, pathogens adapt to re-establish virulence. Since the signatures of t ...

Hepatitis B virus remains a major medical burden with more than 250 million chronically infected patients worldwide and 900,000 deaths each year, due to the disease progression towards severe complications (cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma). Despite the ...

The arms race between viruses and their hosts shaped the evolutionary history and the genome composition of both parties. Restriction factors are the first-line antiviral effectors encoded by the host genomes and are often conserved through evolution to pr ...

In vitro models of human liver functions are used across a diverse range of applications in preclinical drug development and disease modeling, with particular increasing interest in models that capture facets of liver inflammatory status. This study invest ...

Torque teno virus (TTV) is considered to be an ubiquitous member of the commensal human blood virome commonly reported in mixed genotype co-infections. This study investigates the genomic diversity of TTV in blood samples from 816 febrile Tanzanian childre ...

The liver is the largest solid organ and the only one capable of using regenerative mechanisms to recover its mass fully. Although liver regeneration from acute injuries has been effective and extensively studied, chronic liver damage has adverse effects o ...

Kessler et al. identify aberrant DNA recognition by cGAS/STING and IFN-I production by inflammatory macrophages as a driver of severe ANCA-associated vasculitis. Pharmacological interventions blocking this pathway ameliorate disease and accelerate recovery ...

Background & Aims: Liver diseases are caused by many factors, such as genetics, nutrition, and viruses. Therefore, it is important to delineate transcriptomic changes that occur in various liver diseases. Methods: We performed high-throughput sequencing of ...

Two-step functionalization of 4-diphenylphosphino benzoic acid with biotin afforded 2-(biotinyloxy)ethyl 4-(diphenylphosphanyl)benzoate (LP), that was subsequently used to synthesize the Ru(II) arene complexes [RuCl2(eta(6)-p-cymene)(LP)] (1), [Ru(C2O4)(et ...

Acute liver failure (ALF) or fulminant hepatitis is a rare, yet severe outcome of infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) that carries a high mortality rate. The occurrence of a life-threatening condition upon infection with a prevalent virus in individuals ...

In developing countries, the waterborne transmission of hepatitis E virus (HEV), caused by HEV genotypes 1 (HEV-1) and 2 (HEV-2), leads to the onset of large recurrent outbreaks. HEV infections are of particular concern among pregnant women, due to very hi ...

Genetic polymorphism in the interferon lambda (IFN-lambda) region is associated with spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and response to interferon-based treatment. Here, we evaluate associations between IFN-l polymorphism and HCV va ...

TGR5 (Gpbar1) is a G protein-coupled receptor responsive to bile acids (BAs), which is expressed in different non-parenchymal cells of the liver, including biliary epithelial cells, liver-resident macrophages, sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs), and acti ...

The recognition of pathogen-derived nucleic acids is a critical mechanism by which the innate immune system detects viral infection. Upon activation, nucleic acid sensors initiate the expression of type I interferons and other inflammatory mediators, subse ...

The liver is an organ with strong regenerative capacity, yet primary hepatocytes have a low amplification potential in vitro, a major limitation for the cell-based therapy of liver disorders and for ex vivo biological screens. Induced pluripotent stem cell ...

BACKGROUND: Helminth parasites have been reported to have beneficial immunomodulatory effects in patients with allergic and autoimmune conditions and detrimental consequences in patients with tuberculosis and some viral infections. Their role in coinfectio ...

Brain aging and neurodegeneration are associated with prominent microglial reactivity and activation of innate immune response pathways, commonly referred to as neuroinflammation. One such pathway, the type I interferon response, recognizes viral or mitoch ...

The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment represents a major hurdle to cancer therapy. We developed a gene transfer strategy into hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to target transgene expression to tumor-infiltrating monocytes/macrophages. Using a combina ...

APOBEC3-independent interferon-induced viral clearance in hepatitis B virus transgenic mice

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Alpha1-antitrypsin improves survival in murine abdominal sepsis model by decreasing inflammation and sequestration of free heme

Inborn errors of type I interferon immunity in patients with symptomatic acute hepatitis E

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Induction of a strong and long-lasting neutralizing immune response by dPreS1-TLR2 agonist nanovaccine against hepatitis B virus

PSGL-1 is an evolutionarily conserved antiviral restriction factor

Engineering Modular 3D Liver Culture Microenvironments In Vitro to Parse the Interplay between Biophysical and Biochemical Microenvironment Cues on Hepatic Phenotypes

Genomic Diversity of Torque Teno Virus in Blood Samples from Febrile Paediatric Outpatients in Tanzania: A Descriptive Cohort Study

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Monocyte-derived macrophages aggravate pulmonary vasculitis via cGAS/STING/IFN-mediated nucleic acid sensing

Transcriptomic analysis across liver diseases reveals disease-modulating activation of constitutive androstane receptor in cholestasis

Conjugating Biotin to Ruthenium(II) Arene Units via Phosphine Ligand Functionalization

Human genomics of acute liver failure due to hepatitis B virus infection: An exome sequencing study in liver transplant recipients

Population density and water balance influence the global occurrence of hepatitis E epidemics

Adaptation of hepatitis C virus to interferon lambda polymorphism across multiple viral genotypes

The G Protein-Coupled Bile Acid Receptor TGR5 (Gpbar1) Modulates Endothelin-1 Signaling in Liver

Identification and characterisation of small-molecule inhibitors targeting STING

Pharmacological induction of a progenitor state for the efficient expansion of primary human hepatocytes

Enteric helminth-induced type I interferon signaling protects against pulmonary virus infection through interaction with the microbiota

Activation of the STING-dependent type I interferon response reduces microglial reactivity and neuroinflammation

Genetic engineering of hematopoiesis for targeted IFN-α delivery inhibits breast cancer progression