A compact and cost-effective hard X-ray free-electron laser driven by a high-brightness and low-energy electron beam

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Today's brightest coherent X-ray sources, X-ray free-electron lasers, produce ultrafast X-ray pulses for which full-width at half-maximum durations as short as 3 fs have been measured(1). There has been a marked increase in the popularity of such short pul ...

Recently, much attention has been devoted to the development of new pulsed sources of radiation for investigating matter with atomic scale temporal and spatial resolution. While much has been achieved thanks to modern ultrafast laser technology, the ultima ...

In this work, linear and nonlinear collisionless electrostatic simulation studies of the standard and short wavelength ion temperature gradient mode (SWITG) for experimental profiles and parameters of ADITYA-U tokamak are performed using the linear global ...

We show that including pairing and repulsion into the description of one-dimensional spinless fermions, as in the domain wall theory of commensurate melting or the interacting Kitaev chain, leads, for strong enough repulsion, to a line of critical points i ...

The prediction of trajectories of buoyancy-driven objects immersed in a viscous fluid is a key problem in fluid dynamics. Simple-shaped objects, such as disks, present a great variety of trajectories, ranging from zig-zag to tumbling and chaotic motions. Y ...

Dynamical potentials appear in many advanced electronic-structure methods, including self-energies from many-body perturbation theory, dynamical mean-field theory, electronic-transport formulations, and many embedding approaches. Here, we propose a novel t ...

We propose the realization of exceptional points (EP) at bound states in the continuum (BIC), with two coupled strips, made of an electron-beam resist and patterned on the thin film photonic integrated platform, which makes possible etchless photonics inte ...

Flat plate solar collectors face the problem of overheating and the ensuing high thermal stresses and general collector damage lead to high maintenance costs. To address this challenge, absorber coatings with a passive optical switch at critically high ope ...

We present herein the design of a nano-electrospray ion source capable of reliable generation of large quantities of microsolvated ions. The source is based on a triple molecular skimmer scheme and can be quickly tuned to generate bare ions or their ionic ...

Magnetic impurities on superconductors induce discrete bound levels inside the superconducting gap, known as Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) states. YSR levels are fully spin polarized such that the tunneling between YSR states depends on their relative spin orient ...

We study inflation driven by the Higgs field in the Einstein-Cartan formulation of gravity. In this theory, the presence of the Holst and Nieh-Yan terms with the Higgs field non-minimally coupled to them leads to three additional coupling constants. For a ...

We consider the phase diagram of the most general SU(4)-symmetric two-site Hamiltonian for a system of two fermions per site (i.e., self-conjugate 6 representation) on the square lattice. It is known that this model hosts magnetic phases breaking SU(4) sym ...

In this work, we report on the integration of an atomic force microscope (AFM) into a helium ion microscope (HIM). The HIM is a powerful instrument, capable of imaging and machining of nanoscale structures with sub-nanometer resolution, while the AFM is a ...

It is well known that helical magnetic fields undergo a so-called inverse cascade by which their correlation length grows due to the conservation of magnetic helicity in classical ideal magnetohydro-dynamics (MHD). At high energies above approximately 10 M ...

The band alignment and the chemical bonding at the beta -Ga2O3/AlN and beta -Ga2O3/GaN interfaces are studied through hybrid functional calculations. We construct realistic slab models with III-O (III = Al, Ga) bonds dominating the chemical bonding at both ...

This work presents a novel, real-time capable, 10-channel Multispectral Advanced Narrowband Tokamak Imaging System installed on the TCV tokamak, MANTIS. Software and hardware requirements are presented together with the complete system architecture. The im ...

We obtain phonon lifetimes in aluminium by inelastic neutron scattering experiments, by ab initio molecular dynamics, and by perturbation theory. At elevated temperatures significant discrepancies are found between experiment and perturbation theory, which ...

The first observation of two structures consistent with resonances in the final states Lambda(0)(b)pi(-) and Lambda(0)(b)pi(+) thorn is reported using samples of pp collision data collected by the LHCb experiment at root s = 7 and 8 TeV, corresponding to a ...

Non-axisymmetric free-boundary equilibrium computations are shown to represent nonlinearly saturated external kink modes and external kink-like sidebands coupled to pressure-driven infernal modes. In this study of edge harmonic oscillations associated with ...

Relativistic runaway electrons are a major concern in tokamaks. Although significant theoretical development had been undertaken in recent decades, we still lack a self-consistent simulator that could simultaneously capture all aspects of this phenomenon. ...

A compact and cost-effective hard X-ray free-electron laser driven by a high-brightness and low-energy electron beam

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Sub-femtosecond precision measurement of relative X-ray arrival time for free-electron lasers

A perspective on novel sources of ultrashort electron and X-ray pulses

Gyrokinetic simulation of short wavelength ion temperature gradient instabilities in the ADITYA-U tokamak

Eight-vertex criticality in the interacting Kitaev chain

Permeability sets the linear path instability of buoyancy-driven disks

Unified Green's function approach for spectral and thermodynamic properties from algorithmic inversion of dynamical potentials

Exceptional points at bound states in the continuum in photonic integrated circuits

VO2:Ge based thermochromic solar absorber coatings

Gentle nano-electrospray ion source for reliable and efficient generation of microsolvated ions

Spin-dependent tunneling between individual superconducting bound states

Higgs inflation in Einstein-Cartan gravity

Quantum spin liquid phases in the bilinear-biquadratic two-SU(4)-fermion Hamiltonian on the square lattice

An atomic force microscope integrated with a helium ion microscope for correlative nanoscale characterization

Generation of chiral asymmetry via helical magnetic fields

Band alignment at beta-Ga2O3/III-N (III = Al, Ga) interfaces through hybrid functional calculations

MANTIS: A real-time quantitative multispectral imaging system for fusion plasmas

Phonon Lifetimes Throughout the Brillouin Zone at Elevated Temperatures from Experiment and ab initio

Observation of Two Resonances in the Lambda(0)(b)pi(+/-) Systems and Precise Measurement of Sigma(+/-)(b) and Sigma(*+/-)(b) Properties

Current and pressure gradient triggering and nonlinear saturation of low-n edge harmonic oscillations in tokamaks

Runaway electron modelling in the self-consistent core European Transport Simulator