Experimental Validation of an Explicit Power-Flow Primary Control in Microgrids

The existing approaches to control electrical grids combine frequency and voltage controls at different time-scales. When applied in microgrids with stochastic distributed-generation, grid quality of service problems may occur, such as under- or overvoltages as well as congestion of lines and transformers. The COMMELEC framework proposes to solve this compelling issue by performing explicit control of power flows with two novel strategies: (1) a common abstract model is used by resources to advertise their state in real time to a grid agent; (2) subsystems can be aggregated into virtual devices that hide their internal complexity in order to ensure scalability. While the framework has already been published in the literature, in this paper we present the first experimental validation of a practicable explicit power-flow primary control applied in a real-scale test-bed microgrid. We demonstrate how an explicit power-flow control solves the active and reactive power sharing problem in real time, easily allowing the microgrid to be dispatchable in real time (i.e. it is able to participate in energy markets) and capable of providing frequency support, while always maintaining the quality of service.