Relative Basicities of ortho-, meta-, and para-Substituted Aryllithiums

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Dispersion of objects in a fluid phase can be classified as solutions (Gibbs free energy of mixing, Delta G(mix) < 0) or suspensions (Delta G(mix) > 0) depending on their thermodynamic stability. Small objects tend to form solutions, larger ones suspension ...

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Ratchet transport systems are widespread in physics and biology; however, the effect of the dispersing medium in the collective dynamics of these out-of-equilibrium systems has been often overlooked. We show that, in a traveling wave magnetic ratchet, long ...

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Nitrous oxide (N2O) has gained much interest because of its physiological effects ("laughing gas") and its negative environmental impact ("greenhouse gas", "ozone-depleting substance"): It has a lifetime of more than 100 years in the atmosphere. Its persis ...

Although important for atmospheric processes and gas-phase catalysis, very little is known about the hydration state of ions in the vapor phase. Here we study the evaporation energetics and kinetics of a chloride ion from liquid water by molecular dynamics ...

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Relative Basicities of ortho-, meta-, and para-Substituted Aryllithiums

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Experimental Method to Distinguish between a Solution and a Suspension

Unified theory of atom-centered representations and message-passing machine-learning schemes

Impact of adherence to a lifestyle-integrated programme on physical function and behavioural complexity in young older adults at risk of functional decline: a multicentre RCT secondary analysis

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