Publication

Detection of viruses and bacteria with piezoelectric immunosensors

Michael Graetzel
1993
Journal Articles

Abstract

A reusable piezoelectric immunosensor has been developed for the detection of viruses and bacteria, playing an important role in acute diarrhea in early childhood. Three different methods for antibody immobilization to the gold electrode were tested. Coating the electrode with protein A gave the best results in terms of stability, sensitivity and reproducibility. Worse results were observed when coating the electrode with γ-amino propyltriethoxy silane and polyethyleneimine. Applying an antibody layer via protein A immobilization onto a 10-MHz AT-cut crystal resulted for 1 × 106 to 1 × 1010 virus cells and for 1 × 106 to 1 × 108 bacteria in a linear frequency change. The modified crystal was stable for six weeks when stored desiccated at +4°C.

Official source

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/b43942ff-63c8-42e2-8e8e-d8170f3dbee2

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Michael Graetzel
1993
Journal Articles

Abstract

Official source

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/b43942ff-63c8-42e2-8e8e-d8170f3dbee2

About this result

Related concepts (19)

Biosensor

A biosensor is an analytical device, used for the detection of a chemical substance, that combines a biological component with a physicochemical detector. The sensitive biological element, e.g. tissue, microorganisms, organelles, cell receptors, enzymes, antibodies, nucleic acids, etc., is a biologically derived material or biomimetic component that interacts with, binds with, or recognizes the analyte under study. The biologically sensitive elements can also be created by biological engineering.

Crystal oscillator

A crystal oscillator is an electronic oscillator circuit that uses a piezoelectric crystal as a frequency-selective element. The oscillator frequency is often used to keep track of time, as in quartz wristwatches, to provide a stable clock signal for digital integrated circuits, and to stabilize frequencies for radio transmitters and receivers. The most common type of piezoelectric resonator used is a quartz crystal, so oscillator circuits incorporating them became known as crystal oscillators.

Monoclonal antibody

A monoclonal antibody (mAb, more rarely called moAb) is an antibody produced from a cell lineage made by cloning a unique white blood cell. All subsequent antibodies derived this way trace back to a unique parent cell. Monoclonal antibodies can have monovalent affinity, binding only to the same epitope (the part of an antigen that is recognized by the antibody). In contrast, polyclonal antibodies bind to multiple epitopes and are usually made by several different antibody-secreting plasma cell lineages.