From spiking neurons to rate models: a cascade model as an approximation to spiking neuron models with refractoriness

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Subcortical brain structures such as the basal ganglia or the thalamus are involved in regulating motor and cognitive behavior. However, their contribution to perceptual consciousness is still unclear, due to the inherent difficulties of recording subcorti ...

Neural decoding of the visual system is a subject of research interest, both to understand how the visual system works and to be able to use this knowledge in areas, such as computer vision or brain-computer interfaces. Spike-based decoding is often used, ...

Proprioception tells the brain the state of the body based on distributed sensors in the body. However, the principles that govern proprioceptive processing from those distributed sensors are poorly understood. Here, we employ a task-driven neural network ...

In this work, we investigate the intrinsic cycle-to-cycle variations in a spiking temperature-sensitive neuron, based on the resistive switching of a Vanadium dioxide (VO2) two-terminal device. We study how this phenomenon impacts the spike rate jitter, an ...

Synaptic plasticity underlies our ability to learn and adapt to the constantly changing environment. The phenomenon of synapses changing their efficacy in an activity-dependent manner is often studied in small groups of neurons in vitro or indirectly throu ...

Humans and animals constantly adapt to their environment over the course of their life. This thesis seeks to integrate various timescales of adaptation, ranging from the adaptation of synaptic connections between spiking neurons (milliseconds), rapid behav ...

Synaptic plasticity underlies the brain’s ability to learn and adapt. While experiments in brain slices have revealed mechanisms and protocols for the induction of plasticity between pairs of neurons, how these synaptic changes are coordinated in biologica ...

Time-lapse light microscopy combined with in vitro neuronal cultures has provided a significant contribution to the field of Developmental Neuroscience. The establishment of the neuronal polarity, i.e., formation of axons and dendrites, key structures resp ...

Neocortical neurons can increasingly be divided into well-defined classes, but their activity patterns during quantified behavior remain to be fully determined. Here, we obtained membrane potential recordings from various classes of excitatory and inhibito ...

The fundamental role of any neuron within a network is to transform complex spatiotemporal synaptic input patterns into individual output spikes. These spikes, in turn, act as inputs for other neurons in the network. Neurons must execute this function acro ...

Neurons primarily communicate through release of neurotransmitter from presynaptic specialisations along their axonal arborisations. In order to understand the functional role of a specific neuron, it is therefore of great interest to know the structure of ...

Population equations for infinitely large networks of spiking neurons have a long tradition in theoret-ical neuroscience. In this work, we analyze a recent generalization of these equations to populations of finite size, which takes the form of a nonlinear ...

Recent developments in experimental techniques have enabled simultaneous recordings from thousands of neurons, enabling the study of functional cell assemblies. However, determining the patterns of synaptic connectivity giving rise to these assemblies rema ...

Objective. Studying the neural components regulating movement in human locomotion is obstructed by the inability to perform invasive experimental recording in the human neural circuits. Neuromechanical simulations can provide insights by modeling the locom ...

The way biological brains carry out advanced yet extremely energy efficient signal processing remains both fascinating and unintelligible. It is known however that at least some areas of the brain perform fast and low-cost processing relying only on a smal ...

To build biophysically detailed models of brain cells, circuits, and regions, a data-driven approach is increasingly being adopted. This helps to obtain a simulated activity that reproduces the experimentally recorded neural dynamics as faithfully as possi ...

Planning and execution of voluntary movement depend on the contribution of distinct classes of neurons in primary motor and premotor areas. However, timing and pattern of activation of GABAergic cells during specific motor behaviors remain only partly unde ...

Over the course of a lifetime, the human brain acquires an astonishing amount of semantic knowledge and autobiographical memories, often with an imprinting strong enough to allow detailed information to be recalled many years after the initial learning exp ...

The outstanding information processing capacity of the brain relies on numerous molecular mechanisms. It is an extremely energy-expensive function, which involves specialization and collaboration of different cell types. A common framework to study the com ...

In this thesis, we present a data-driven iterative pipeline to generate, simulate and validate point-neuron models of the whole mouse brain. The ultimate goal is to replicate close loop experiments with a virtual body in a virtual world. This pipeline was ...

From spiking neurons to rate models: a cascade model as an approximation to spiking neuron models with refractoriness

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Subcortical correlates of consciousness with human single neuron recordings

Predicting Visual Stimuli From Cortical Response Recorded With Wide-Field Imaging in a Mouse

Task-driven neural network models predict neural dynamics of proprioception: Neural network model weights

Static and Dynamic Stochastic Analysis of a Temperature-Sensitive VO2 Spiking Neuron

Principles of Network Plasticity in Neocortical Microcircuits

From event-based surprise to lifelong learning. A journey in the timescales of adaptation

Assemblies, synapse clustering and network topology interact with plasticity to explain structure-function relationships of the cortical connectome

Label-Free Long-Term Methods for Live Cell Imaging of Neurons: New Opportunities

Membrane potential dynamics of excitatory and inhibitory neurons in mouse barrel cortex during active whisker sensing

Different responses of mice and rats hippocampus CA1 pyramidal neurons to in vitro and in vivo-like inputs

Axonal projections from mouse whisker-related sensory cortex

On a Finite-Size Neuronal Population Equation

Cortical cell assemblies and their underlying connectivity: an in silico study

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Fast-Spiking Interneurons of the Premotor Cortex Contribute to Initiation and Execution of Spontaneous Actions

A theory of memory consolidation and synaptic pruning in cortical circuits

Molecular reconstruction and simulation of the Neuron-Glia-Vasculature system

Data-driven whole mouse brain modeling for multi-scale simulations