A story with twists and turns: How to control the rotation of the notched stick

The notched stick, also known as the Gee-Haw-Whammy-Diddle, is a wooden toy able to convert linear vibration into rotational motion, whose behavior has been intriguing both children and physicists for decades. The oldest scientific article one can find on this subject was published 87 years ago in the present journal. Here, we derive an analytical model of the system, supported by experimental results. We predict the direction of rotation and explain why the device is so easy to operate, even without fine control of the various parameters. The potential importance of the vertical displacement of the finger exerting the perturbation force is also highlighted. We finally discuss similarities between the mechanical system described here and the optical effect of birefringence. (C) 2025 Published under an exclusive license by American Association of Physics Teachers.