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Learning-related congruent and incongruent changes of excitation and inhibition in distinct cortical areas

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Driving and suppressing the human language network using large language models

Martin Schrimpf

Transformer models such as GPT generate human-like language and are predictive of human brain responses to language. Here, using functional-MRI-measured brain responses to 1,000 diverse sentences, we first show that a GPT-based encoding model can predict t ...

Nature Portfolio2024

An objective skill assessment framework for microsurgical anastomosis based on ALI scores

Aude Billard, Kunpeng Yao, Soheil Gholami

IntroductionThe current assessment and standardization of microsurgical skills are subjective, posing challenges in reliable skill evaluation. We aim to address these limitations by developing a quantitative and objective framework for accurately assessing ...

Springer Wien2024

Neuronal correlates of goal-directed sensorimotor transformation in sensory, motor and higher-order cortical areas

Anastasiia Oryshchuk

An important function of the brain is to interpret incoming sensory information from the outside world to guide adaptive behavior. Understanding how and where sensory information is transformed into motor commands in a context- and learning-dependent manne ...

EPFL2023

Striatal Dopamine Signals and Reward Learning

Meriam Malekzadeh, Robin François Virginien Dard, Carl Petersen, Sylvain Crochet, Yanqi Liu, Parviz Ghaderi, Christos Sourmpis, Pol Bech Vilaseca, Mauro Pulin, Anthony Pierre Robert Renard

We are constantly bombarded by sensory information and constantly making decisions on how to act. In order to optimally adapt behavior, we must judge which sequences of sensory inputs and actions lead to successful outcomes in specific circumstances. Neuro ...

Oxford Univ Press2023

Fast-Spiking Interneurons of the Premotor Cortex Contribute to Initiation and Execution of Spontaneous Actions

Silvestro Micera

Planning and execution of voluntary movement depend on the contribution of distinct classes of neurons in primary motor and premotor areas. However, timing and pattern of activation of GABAergic cells during specific motor behaviors remain only partly unde ...

SOC NEUROSCIENCE2023

Axonal projections from mouse whisker-related sensory cortex

Yanqi Liu

Neurons primarily communicate through release of neurotransmitter from presynaptic specialisations along their axonal arborisations. In order to understand the functional role of a specific neuron, it is therefore of great interest to know the structure of ...

EPFL2023

Principles of Network Plasticity in Neocortical Microcircuits

András Ecker

Synaptic plasticity underlies our ability to learn and adapt to the constantly changing environment. The phenomenon of synapses changing their efficacy in an activity-dependent manner is often studied in small groups of neurons in vitro or indirectly throu ...

EPFL2023

Plasticity of sensory representations in the posterior insular cortex during fear learning

Denys Osypenko

Aversively-motivated associative learning allows animals to avoid harm and thus ensures survival. Aversive learning can be studied by the fear learning paradigm, in which an innocuous sensory stimulus like a tone (conditioned stimulus, CS), acquires a nega ...

EPFL2023

Investigating the Serotonergic Modulation of Orientation Tuning of Neurons in Primary Visual Cortex of Anesthetized Mice

Parviz Ghaderi

Introduction: Sensory processing is profoundly regulated by brain neuromodulatory systems. One of the main neuromodulators is serotonin which influences higher cognitive functions, such as different aspects of perceptual processing. Accordingly, malfunctio ...

Iran Univ Medical Sciences2023

Combining hypothesis- and data-driven neuroscience modeling in FAIR workflows

Daniel Keller

Modeling in neuroscience occurs at the intersection of different points of view and approaches. Typically, hypothesis-driven modeling brings a question into focus so that a model is constructed to investigate a specific hypothesis about how the system work ...

2022