SAS-Based Group Authentication and Key Agreement Protocols

New trends in consumer electronics have created a strong demand for fast, reliable and user-friendly key agreement protocols. However, many key agreement protocols are secure only against passive attacks. Therefore, message authentication is often unavoidable in order to achieve security against active adversaries. Pasini and Vaudenay were the first to propose a new compelling methodology for message authentication. Namely, their two-party protocol uses short authenticated strings (SAS) instead of pre-shared secrets or public-key infrastructure that are classical tools to achieve authenticity. In this article, we generalise this methodology for multi-party settings. We give a new group message authentication protocol that utilises only limited authenticated communication and show how to combine this protocol with classical key agreement procedures. More precisely, we describe how to transform any group key agreement protocol that is secure against passive attacks into a new protocol that is secure against active attacks.