Publication

Comparative study of the I-UO2 and Cs-UO2 systems under conditions representative of irradiated fuel

2026

Abstract

A comparative study of the behaviour of Iodine and Caesium in uranium oxide was conducted. UO2 samples implanted with Iodine or Caesium underwent thermal treatment (4 h at 900 °C or 1 h at 1200 °C) in a controlled atmosphere (Ar+0.03% H2O/H2). Thereafter, the samples were analysed using a range of experimental techniques to study their structural and chemical evolution. Additionally, thermodynamic calculations were performed in order to optimize heat treatment conditions before performing tests, and to assist in the interpretation of results afterwards. The sample characterizations after thermal treatments reveal the following differences in the behaviour of Iodine and Caesium in UO2 during heat treatment: i) precipitates are mainly observed in the case of samples implanted with Iodine, in contrast to Cs, where bubbles are mainly observed and ii) a very high release rate in the case of Caesium, unlike Iodine.

Official source

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/90332126-d4f2-4b27-91fb-ab9edd6762ec

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2026

Abstract

Official source

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/90332126-d4f2-4b27-91fb-ab9edd6762ec

About this result

Related concepts (32)

Uranium trioxide

Uranium trioxide (UO3), also called uranyl oxide, uranium(VI) oxide, and uranic oxide, is the hexavalent oxide of uranium. The solid may be obtained by heating uranyl nitrate to 400 °C. Its most commonly encountered polymorph, γ-UO3, is a yellow-orange powder. There are three methods to generate uranium trioxide. As noted below, two are used industrially in the reprocessing of nuclear fuel and uranium enrichment. U3O8 can be oxidized at 500 °C with oxygen. Note that above 750 °C even in 5 atm O2 UO3 decomposes into U3O8.

Uranium dioxide

Uranium dioxide or uranium(IV) oxide (), also known as urania or uranous oxide, is an oxide of uranium, and is a black, radioactive, crystalline powder that naturally occurs in the mineral uraninite. It is used in nuclear fuel rods in nuclear reactors. A mixture of uranium and plutonium dioxides is used as MOX fuel. Prior to 1960, it was used as yellow and black color in ceramic glazes and glass. Uranium dioxide is produced by reducing uranium trioxide with hydrogen.

Nuclear fuel

Nuclear fuel is material used in nuclear power stations to produce heat to power turbines. Heat is created when nuclear fuel undergoes nuclear fission. Most nuclear fuels contain heavy fissile actinide elements that are capable of undergoing and sustaining nuclear fission. The three most relevant fissile isotopes are uranium-233, uranium-235 and plutonium-239. When the unstable nuclei of these atoms are hit by a slow-moving neutron, they frequently split, creating two daughter nuclei and two or three more neutrons.

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Comparative study of the I-UO2 and Cs-UO2 systems under conditions representative of irradiated fuel

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