Publication

Diverse phage defence systems define West African South American pandemic <i>Vibrio cholerae</i>

2024

Abstract

Our understanding of the factors underlying the evolutionary success of different lineages of pandemic Vibrio cholerae remains incomplete. Interestingly, two unique genetic signatures define the West African South American (WASA) lineage of V. cholerae responsible for the 1991-2001 Latin American cholera epidemic. Here we show these signatures encode diverse anti-phage defence systems. Firstly, the WASA-1 prophage encodes a 2-gene abortive-infection system WonAB that renders the lineage resistant to the major predatory vibrio phage ICP1, which alongside other phages, restricts cholera epidemics and has potential for use in prophylaxis. Secondly, the unique set of genes on Vibrio seventh pandemic island II encodes an unusual modification-dependent restriction system and a new type of the Shedu defence family. Taken together, we propose that these anti-phage defence systems have likely contributed to the success of a major epidemic lineage of the ongoing seventh cholera pandemic.

Official source

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/80b0f247-4ea9-4ed7-9b24-f853b0b1cce1

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2024

Abstract

Official source

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/80b0f247-4ea9-4ed7-9b24-f853b0b1cce1

About this result

Related concepts (32)

Vibrio cholerae

Vibrio cholerae is a species of Gram-negative, facultative anaerobe and comma-shaped bacteria. The bacteria naturally live in brackish or saltwater where they attach themselves easily to the chitin-containing shells of crabs, shrimp, and other shellfish. Some strains of V. cholerae are pathogenic to humans and cause a deadly disease called cholera, which can be derived from the consumption of undercooked or raw marine life species. V. cholerae was first described by Félix-Archimède Pouchet in 1849 as some kind of protozoa.

COVID-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic, also known as the coronavirus pandemic, is a global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The novel virus was first identified in an outbreak in the Chinese city of Wuhan in December 2019. Attempts to contain it there failed, allowing the virus to spread to other areas of Asia and later worldwide in 2020. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) on 30 January 2020.

History of cholera

Seven cholera pandemics have occurred in the past 200 years, with the first pandemic originating in India in 1817. The seventh cholera pandemic is officially a current pandemic and has been ongoing since 1961, according to a World Health Organization factsheet in March 2022. Additionally, there have been many documented major local cholera outbreaks, such as a 1991–1994 outbreak in South America and, more recently, the 2016–2021 Yemen cholera outbreak.