Automatic grouping of semantic keywords to improve image rendering

The ultimate goal of automatic image rendering is a system that gives at least as pleasing results as a human expert using an image manipulation program. In this article we demonstrate that the exploitation of semantic image keywords is a promising approach towards this ultimate goal. We develop a keyword clas- sification scheme specifically for the purpose of automatic image rendering. Further on, we propose a method to automatically classify keywords into these classes. We discuss the results based on experiments with a database of 40’000 images, annotated on average by five keywords each.