A Supercapacitor-Based Energy-Storage Substation for Voltage-Compensation in Weak Transportation Networks

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The fluctuating behavior of a Sulzer Metco F4 de plasma gun has been investigated by simultaneous measurement of the:time dependencies of the are voltage and of images from the nozzle interior. An end-on imaging arrangement using a mirror and a mask in the optical path from the are to the camera allows visualization of the anodic are attachment by strongly attenuating the bright emission from the are column, With the torch operating in the restrike mode, sequences of images have been acquired in synchroniza

Besides the option of HTS cables as retrofit elements in densely populated areas, the technically most attractive aspect of HTS is the possibility of high power transmission at reduced voltage. In this paper we concentrate on this second aspect. High power/low voltage HTS lines are analysed from the technical and economical point of view in two case studies: (i) a 110 kV/1 GVA transalpine line replacing a 380 kV overhead line and (ii) a 30 km/600 MVA line connecting a nuclear power plant with a densely popu

The E-J power law as electric characterization of the HTS material in Finite Element computations has shown good agreement with measurements of field-dependent crtical current density and losses due to transport current. We use this technique to investigate the loss caused by Ac transport current in self-field and in applied AC magnetic field in both elliptical monocore and multicore tapes, where the current is generated by means of a voltage source. The current density is first kept constant and then varie

An interesting correlation between the quench pressure and the generated power was observed in the quench runs of the QUELL experiment. The experimental results indicate that the instantaneous values of the quench pressure and power generated by the normal zone are linearly correlated during the quench propagation. For quenches with constant operating current, the linear correlation holds for quench pressure and the normal zone resistance or voltage. This correlation can be used to improve the accuracy of t

Recent progress made in our lab. in the field of electrochem. promotion of heterogeneous catalytic gas reactions is reviewed. The phenomenon consists of electrochem. polarization of the catalyst/solid electrolyte interface resulting in a dramatic, non-Faradaic modification of the catalytic reaction rate. Two main aspects have been addressed, the mechanistic interpretation of the phenomenon and the development of bipolar cell configurations suitable for practical applications. Fundamental studies were made u

The electromagnetic field due to lightning strokes propagates at grazing angles, if, as it is generally assumed, the lightning channel is considered as a straight vertical antenna. Calculations have shown that, while the current or voltage peak value induced on the line, is practically proportional to the distance to the striking point and to the lightning current amplitude, the order of magnitude remains the same when the lightning striking point with respect to the line changes with the azimuth .. The pap

The longitudinal spatial hole burning (LSHB) in gain-clamped semiconductor optical amplifiers (GCSOA's) is investigated by means of a numerical model, which is based on position-dependent rate equations for the carrier density and the propagation equations for the optical power, The simulation results show that the carrier densities are nonuniformly distributed within the active layer of GCSOA's, The nonuniformity can be large, especially for high currents and optical signal powers near the saturation. It i

After an analysis of the generation of electromagnetic fields, methods are given for calculating or measuring these fields and their electrical effects. Without drawing conclusions on the biological effects, the fact is stressed that, so far, no cause/effect correlation between exposure of humans to strong fields under very-high voltage power lines and in switching stations, and serious illnesses has been established

The rising part of the current waveform observed when discharging an electrostatically charged person or test generator shows some phenomena which have not been explained satisfactorily. This paper describes an attempt to understand these effects using both experimental and numerical simulation. A special rotating system to simulate a defined, variable closing speed of contact has been built. The length of the arc is also measured and it can be shown that a strong correlation between arc-length and rising s

Efficient techniques using linear programming already exist for solving the constrained power flow problem limited to the active powers only (DC-flow model). However the DC-flow approximation may not be sufficiently accurate for analyzing the security of systems with severe voltage and reactive power constraints. An iterative and decoupled method is proposed for solving the complete problem, based on the optimization of the active and reactive current injections under bus voltage and branch flow constraints

For pt.I see ibid., p.162-9. This paper describes a hierarchical simulation model for the analysis of long term power system's behavior. The effects of centralized (functions of the control center) and decentralized (protection apparatus, generator speed governor, ...) control devices are considered. The modular structure of the model allows the inclusion of new control functions or more complex system's representation

A Supercapacitor-Based Energy-Storage Substation for Voltage-Compensation in Weak Transportation Networks

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Time-resolved imaging of anodic arc root behavior during fluctuations of a dc plasma spraying torch

Technical and Economical Assessment of HTS Cables

Losses in HTS Tapes due to AC External Magnetic Field and AC Transport Current

Correlation between quench pressure and normal zone voltage observed in the QUELL experiment

Electrochemical promotion of catalysts for gas phase reactions

A Simple Formula for the Calculation of Peak Values of Currents Induced in Overhead Lines by Indirect Lightning Strokes. Theory and Experimental Validation

Longitudinal spatial hole burning and associated nonlinear gain in gain-clamped semiconductor optical amplifiers

Disturbance effects from low and medium-frequency electromagnetic fields

The correlation of rising slope and speed of approach in ESD tests

An efficient constrained power flow technique based on active-reactive decoupling and the use of linear programming

Evaluating the contribution of system control to the reliability of the power system. II