Publication

Force and Work Measurements: The Beginnings

Jean-François Loude
2014
Talks

Abstract

The first practical, portable “dynamometer”, designed in 1798 by Regnier, was used to quantify the muscular strength of men and animals. It was promptly used by ethnologists to test the strength of the “savages”. A smaller improved model (Collin dynamometer) is still sold to medical and para-medical practitioners. With the development of agricultural and industrial machinery from the beginning of the 19th c., the need arose to measure not only the force between a motor and a load, but also the work done and the delivered power. Inventors and mechanics competed to combine heavy force-measuring machinery with newly invented delicate, precise graphic-recording apparatus and/or integrators and planimeters.

Official source

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/54d2278c-dbc5-4abc-b27d-d84220f372a5

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Jean-François Loude
2014
Talks

Abstract

Official source

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/54d2278c-dbc5-4abc-b27d-d84220f372a5

About this result

Related concepts (29)

Force

In physics, a force is an influence that can cause an object to change its velocity, i.e., to accelerate, unless counterbalanced by other forces. The concept of force makes the everyday notion of pushing or pulling mathematically precise. Because the magnitude and direction of a force are both important, force is a vector quantity. It is measured in the SI unit of newton (N) and often represented by the symbol F.

Centrifugal force

In Newtonian mechanics, the centrifugal force is an inertial force (also called a "fictitious" or "pseudo" force) that appears to act on all objects when viewed in a rotating frame of reference. It is directed away from an axis which is parallel to the axis of rotation and passing through the coordinate system's origin. If the axis of rotation passes through the coordinate system's origin, the centrifugal force is directed radially outwards from that axis.

Fictitious force

A fictitious force is a force that appears to act on a mass whose motion is described using a non-inertial frame of reference, such as a linearly accelerating or rotating reference frame. It is related to Newton's second law of motion, which treats forces for just one object. Passengers in a vehicle accelerating in the forward direction may perceive they are acted upon by a force moving them into the direction of the backrest of their seats for instance.

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Force and Work Measurements: The Beginnings

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