Virus inactivation by ozone: Kinetics and influence of water quality parameters

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Pollution can undergo long-range transport and impact the tropospheric chemistry thousands of kilometers downwind from the source region. Recently, there is interest in the intercontinental transport (ICT) of pollution between the main industrial regions of the extratropics of the Northern Hemisphere, especially the contribution of foreign pollution to regional episodes of high ozone. We present the results of a modelling investigation of the seasonal and interannual variations in the ICT of pollution from

The electrochem. behavior of a synthetic B-doped diamond thin film electrode (BDD) was studied in acid media contg. phenol using cyclic voltammetry and bulk electrolysis. In the potential region of H2O stability direct electron transfers can occur on BDD surface resulting in electrode fouling due to the formation of a polymeric film on its surface. During electrolysis in the potential region of oxygen evolution, complex oxidn. reactions can take place due to electrogenerated hydroxyl radicals. Electrode fou

A novel liquid system has been developed to initiate the anionic polymerization of lactam-12. This system, containing both an activator and a catalyst, has the primary advantage over previous systems of permitting infinite storage of the reactant, and it avoids premixing of batches. The anionic species of the system were identified with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight measurements, and Fourier transforminfrared was used to measure the change in their concentrations during the poly

A new indicator is proposed to det. whether tropospheric O3 prodn. in a specific area is limited by volatile org. compds. (VOC) or NOx. This indicator, tVOCOH/tNOxOH, describes the ratio of OH- lifetime vs. losses by reaction with VOC and NOx. Whereas tNOxOH can be obtained by conventional measurements, the new pump and probe OH approach makes it possible to also obtain tVOCOH. Indicator values above a threshold value of 0.2 +- 50% are representative of NOx-satd. conditions, where an increase of NOx emissio

This article presents recent work investigating the unimolecular dissociation rates of quantum state-selected molecules. Such studies provide the most stringent test for quantitative models of unimolecular reactions and their assumptions. After briefly reviewing the various experimental and theoretical techniques for state-resolved unimolecular dissociation rates, we present results obtained in our laboratory using the method of double resonance overtone photofragment spectroscopy. We focus on the unimolecu

One-step hydroxylation of benzene to phenol by N2O has been performed over structured catalytic beds made of ZSM-5 coatings on stainless steel grids. The catalysts demonstrated high activity with a selectivity toward phenol formation of 98%. A detailed kinetic study was carried out with a variation in reactant concentrations, benzene/N2O ratio, and residence time. The results obtained suggest a surface reaction between benzene and nitrous oxide adsorbed on two different active sites.

The influence of cure temperature, composition and chemical structure on the morphology resulting from chemically induced phase separation has been investigated for different epoxy functionalized dendritic hyperbranched polymers blended with diglycydil bisphenol A and an aliphatic diamine. The cure temperature window chosen highlighted the influence of both the kinetics of phase separation and the thermodynamics of mixing on the final morphology. In relatively immiscible blends and at low cure temperatures,

The Cl2 evolution reaction was studied at highly boron-doped diamond thin film electrodes. The comparison of this carbonaceous material with graphite and glassy carbon points out the similar behavior in terms of diagnostic parameters and related mechanisms, without the mech. fragility of these materials. Tafel slopes at different chloride concns. in soln. (from 0.1-4 M NaCl in 0.01 M HClO4) and at different pHs were detd., together with the reaction orders with respect to Cl- and H+. All measurements were c

The water-soluble tertiary phosphine complex of ruthenium(II), [RuCl2(PTA)(4)], (PTA. 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane) was used as catalyst precursor for hydrogenation of CO2 and bicarbonate in aqueous solution, in the absence of amine or other additives, under mild conditions. Reaction of:[RuCl2(PTA)(4)] and H-2 (60 bar) gives the hydrides [RuH2(PTA)(4)] (at pH = 12.0) and [RuH(PTA)(4)X] (X = Cl- or H2O) (at pH = 2.0). In presence of excess PTA, formation of the unparalleled cationic pentakis-phosphino sp

We use infrared-visible double resonance overtone excitation to prepare HOCl molecules in single, well-characterized rotational levels of high OH stretching states just above the dissociation threshold on the ground potential energy surface. Combined with time-resolved laser induced fluorescence (LIF) detection of the OH product, this approach allows us to monitor the dependence of unimolecular dissociation rate on the angular momentum (J,K-a,K-c), total energy, and vibrational character of the state of the

We studied a new approach to cell ashing based on illuminating the specimens with a low-pressure mercury discharge lamp. We analyzed with synchrotron spectromicroscopy its effects on different physiological elements in neurobiological specimens. Our results demonstrate that carbon is removed, whereas phosphorus, calcium, potassium, and sulfur are retained and their relative concentrations are enhanced. Applied to trace elements, this technique will enhance their practical detectability. (C) 1999 Academic Pr

In this paper the electrochem. promotion of RuO2 catalyst was studied for the oxidn. of C2H4 to CO2 and H2O. The reaction rate can be increased of up to a factor of 115 by anodic polarization. A kinetic model for the simulation of the open circuit reaction rate is postulated. The model was found to be not applicable during polarization. The formation of a higher ruthenium oxide and/or the formation of backspillover species are supposed to affect the proposed model. [on SciFinder (R)]

Virus inactivation by ozone: Kinetics and influence of water quality parameters

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Export of Pollution from Europe: Seasonal and Interannual Variation

Electrochemical oxidation of phenol at boron-doped diamond electrode. Application to electro-organic synthesis and wastewater treatment

Initiation Mechanisms of an Anionic Ring Opening Polymerisation for Lactam 12

Total VOC reactivity in the planetary boundary layer 2. A new indicator for determining the sensitivity of the ozone production to VOC and NOx

State-to-state unimolecular reaction dynamics of highly vibrationally excited molecules

ZSM-5 coatings on stainless steel grids in one-step benzene hydroxylation to phenol by N2O: Reaction kinetics study

Morphology build-up in dendritic hyperbranched polymer modified epoxy resins: Modelling and characterisation

Chlorine evolution at highly boron-doped diamond electrodes

Formation and characterization of water-soluble hydrido-ruthenium(II) complexes of 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane and their catalytic activity in hydrogenation of CO2 and HCO3- in aqueous solution

State-to-state unimolecular reaction dynamics of HOCl near the dissociation threshold: The role of vibrations, rotations, and IVR probed by time- and eigenstate-resolved spectroscopy

Cell ashing for trace element analysis: A new approach based on ultraviolet/ozone

Electrochemical promotion of ruthenium oxide catalysts for the gas phase combustion of ethylene