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Modelling cholera epidemics: the role of waterways, human mobility and sanitation

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Sparse autoregressive neural networks for classical spin systems

Giuseppe Carleo, Dian Wu, Indaco Biazzo

Efficient sampling and approximation of Boltzmann distributions involving large sets of binary variables, or spins, are pivotal in diverse scientific fields even beyond physics. Recent advances in generative neural networks have significantly impacted this ...

Iop Publishing Ltd2024

Annealing and Replica-Symmetry in Deep Boltzmann Machines

Emanuele Mingione, Diego Alberici

In this paper we study the properties of the quenched pressure of a multi-layer spin-glass model (a deep Boltzmann Machine in artificial intelligence jargon) whose pairwise interactions are allowed between spins lying in adjacent layers and not inside the ...

SPRINGER2020

Investigating the Effect of Misalignment on Membership Privacy in the White-box Setting

Ana-Maria Cretu

Machine learning models have been shown to leak sensitive information about their training datasets. Models are increasingly deployed on devices, raising concerns that white-box access to the model parameters increases the attack surface compared to black- ...

Privacy Enhancing Technologies Symposium Advisory Board2024

High-performance deep spiking neural networks with 0.3 spikes per neuron

Wulfram Gerstner, Stanislaw Andrzej Wozniak, Guillaume Emmanuel Fernand Bellec, Ana Stanojevic, Angeliki Pantazi

Communication by rare, binary spikes is a key factor for the energy efficiency of biological brains. However, it is harder to train biologically-inspired spiking neural networks than artificial neural networks. This is puzzling given that theoretical resul ...

Springer Science and Business Media LLC2024

Dangerous acquaintances: the interplay between type IV pili and the type VI secretion system during Vibrio cholerae's environmental lifestyle

Simon Bernhard Otto

Cholera, caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, has affected humanity throughout history and still impacts millions of people every year. Apart from being a human pathogen, V. cholerae is a common member of the aquatic environment. Due to this natural re ...

EPFL2024

Rainfall as a driver of epidemic cholera: Comparative model assessments of the effect of intra-seasonal precipitation events

Andrea Rinaldo, Francisco Javier Perez Saez, Joseph Chadi Benoit Lemaitre, Damiano Pasetto

The correlation between cholera epidemics and climatic drivers, in particular seasonal tropical rainfall, has been studied in a variety of contexts owing to its documented relevance. Several mechanistic models of cholera transmission have included rainfall ...

2019

Assessing the interplay between human mobility and mosquito borne diseases in urban environments

Emanuele Massaro

Urbanization drives the epidemiology of infectious diseases to many threats and new challenges. In this research, we study the interplay between human mobility and dengue outbreaks in the complex urban environment of the city-state of Singapore. We integra ...

Springer Nature2019

Health risks for sanitation service workers along a container-based urine collection system and resource recovery value chain

Tamar Kohn, Timothy R. Julian, Heather Nicole Bischel-Magnan

Container-based sanitation (CBS) within a comprehensive service system value chain offers a low-cost sanitation option with potential for revenue generation, but may increase microbial health risks to sanitation service workers. This study assessed occupat ...

2019

Field-effect transistor device or sensor for sensing ions, molecules or biomarkers in a fluid

Mihai Adrian Ionescu, Francesco Bellando, Erick Antonio Garcia Cordero, Junrui Zhang

The present disclosure concerns a Field-Effect Transistor device or sensor comprising at least one drain region, at least one source region, at least a channel region, at least a first gate connected to the channel region, at least one stack comprising at ...

2019

Single crystalline diamond diffractive optical elements and method of fabricating the same

Niels Quack, Teodoro Graziosi, Marcell Kristof Kiss

The present invention concerns a single crystalline diamond optical element production method. The method includes the steps of: ‐ providing a single crystalline diamond substrate or layer; ‐ applying a mask layer to the single crystalline diamond substrat ...

2019

Sporadic type VI secretion in seventh pandemic Vibrio cholerae

Melanie Blokesch, Sandrine Stutzmann, Natalia Carolina Drebes Dorr, Nicolas René Chiaruttini, Loriane Bader, Sandrine Natacha Isaac, Lisa Christina Metzger, Alexis Joseph Proutière

Vibrio cholerae is a pathogen that causes disease in millions of people every year by colonizing the small intestine and then secreting the potent cholera toxin. How the pathogen overcomes the colonization barrier created by the host’s natural microbiota i ...

2023

The potential impact of case-area targeted interventions in response to cholera outbreaks: A modeling study

Andrea Rinaldo, Enrico Bertuzzo, Flavio Finger

Background Cholera prevention and control interventions targeted to neighbors of cholera cases (case-area targeted interventions [CATIs]), including improved water, sanitation, and hygiene, oral cholera vaccine (OCV), and prophylactic antibiotics, may be a ...

2018

Wireless Communication and Security Issues for Cyber-Physical Systems and the Internet-of-Things

Andreas Peter Burg

Wireless sensors and actuators connected by the Internet-of-Things (IoT) are central to the design of advanced cyber-physical systems (CPSs). In such complex, heterogeneous systems, communication links must meet stringent requirements on throughput, latenc ...

Ieee-Inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc2018

Privacy-preserving federated neural network training and inference

Sinem Sav

Training accurate and robust machine learning models requires a large amount of data that is usually scattered across data silos. Sharing, transferring, and centralizing the data from silos, however, is difficult due to current privacy regulations (e.g., H ...

EPFL2023

A Unified Discretization Approach to Compute–Forward: From Discrete to Continuous Inputs

Michael Christoph Gastpar, Adriano Pastore, Sung Hoon Lim, Chen Feng

Compute–forward is a coding technique that enables receiver(s) in a network to directly decode one or more linear combinations of the transmitted codewords. Initial efforts focused on Gaussian channels and derived achievable rate regions via nested lattice ...

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)2023

Molecular insights into Vibrio cholerae’s intra-amoebal host-pathogen interactions

Audrey Sophie Vanhove, Graham Knott, Melanie Blokesch, Sandrine Stutzmann, Catherine Maclachlan, Natalia Carolina Drebes Dorr, Candice Stoudmann, Stéphanie Clerc, Charles Ulric V Van der Henst

Vibrio cholerae, which causes the diarrheal disease cholera, is a species of bacteria commonlyfound in aquatic habitats. Within such environments, the bacterium must defend itselfagainst predatory protozoan grazers. Amoebae are prominent grazers, withAcant ...

Nature Research2018

Non-volatile data storage medium and system

Martin Vetterli, Yves Bellouard, Ruben Ricca

A data storage medium (2) comprising a stacked plurality of layers (9), each layer composed of a layer material selected from a group comprising at least two different dielectric materials, adjacent layers being formed of different materials, and at least ...

2023

Long-Read-Based Genome Sequences of Pandemic and Environmental Vibrio cholerae Strains

Melanie Blokesch, Natalia Carolina Drebes Dorr, Noémie Matthey

The bacterium Vibrio cholerae exhibits two distinct lifestyles, one as an aquatic bacterium and the other as the etiological agent of the pandemic human disease cholera. Here, we report closed genome sequences of two seventh pandemic V. cholerae O1 El Tor ...

2018

Layer-Wise Learning Framework for Efficient DNN Deployment in Biomedical Wearable Systems

David Atienza Alonso, Amir Aminifar, Tomas Teijeiro Campo, Alireza Amirshahi, Saleh Baghersalimi

The development of low-power wearable systems requires specialized techniques to accommodate their unique requirements and constraints. While significant advancements have been made in the inference phase of artificial intelligence, the training phase rema ...

2023

Out-of-plane instability of thin reinforced concrete walls under seismic loading

Angelica Rosso

Out of plane instability of reinforced concrete walls is a failure mechanism observed rather recently following the earthquakes in Chile (2010) and New Zealand (2011). Global out of plane instability is a phenomenon that may occur in thin walls, subjected ...

EPFL2018