Innate Barriers to Genome Invasion : how TRIM5a Restricts Retroelements

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Controlled assembly of a protein shell around a viral genome is a key step in the life cycle of many viruses. Here we report a strategy for regulating the co-assembly of nonviral proteins and nucleic acids into highly ordered nucleocapsids in vitro. By fus ...

Viral metagenomics is a useful tool for detecting multiple human viruses in urban sewage. However, more refined protocols are required for its effective use in disease surveillance. In this study, we investigated the performance of three different preampli ...

The sensitivity of enteroviruses to disinfectants varies among genetically similar variants and coincides with amino acid changes in capsid proteins, although the effect of individual substitutions remains unknown. Here, we employed reverse genetics to inv ...

Leukocyte count is associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) events in the general population. Here we show that leukocytes are independently associated with CAD events in people with HIV in Switzerland, after adjusting for traditional and HIVrelated r ...

The arms race between viruses and their hosts shaped the evolutionary history and the genome composition of both parties. Restriction factors are the first-line antiviral effectors encoded by the host genomes and are often conserved through evolution to pr ...

Multiple respiratory viruses, including influenza A virus (IAV), can be transmitted via expiratory aerosol particles, and aerosol pH was recently identified as a major factor influencing airborne virus infectivity. Indoors, small exhaled aerosols undergo r ...

An individual polygenic risk score was associated with osteoporosis in people living with HIV. The genetic effect was robust, as it persisted after multivariable adjustment for established traditional and HIV-related osteoporosis risk factors, including te ...

We have learned from the recent COVID-19 pandemic that the emergence of a new virus can quickly become a global health burden and kill millions of lives. Antiviral drugs are essential in our fight against viral diseases, but most of them are virus-specific ...

Tick-borne encephalitis virus is an enveloped, pathogenic, RNA virus in the family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus. Viral particles are formed when the nucleocapsid, consisting of an RNA genome and multiple copies of the capsid protein, buds through the end ...

Introduction: We have reanalyzed the genomic data of the International Collaboration for the Genomics of HIV (ICGH), centering on HIV-1 Elite Controllers.Methods: We performed a genome-wide Association Study comparing 543 HIV Elite Controllers with 3,272 u ...

Ultraviolet (UV) light-emitting diodes (UV-LEDs), a disinfection technology, efficiently inactivate pathogens in water. However, the assessment of UV-LED treatment and the mechanisms of UV inactivation on viruses (especially enveloped viruses) are limited. ...

Set-point viral load (SPVL), a common measure of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 virulence, is partially determined by viral genotype. Epidemiological evidence suggests that this viral property has been under stabilising selection, with a typical opti ...

Upon recognition of aberrantly located DNA, the innate immune sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) activates stimulator of IFN genes (STING)/IFN regulatory factor (IRF)3-driven antiviral responses. In this study, we characterized the ability of a specific ...

Viruses are genetically and structurally diverse, and outnumber cells by orders of magnitude. They can cause acute and chronic infections, suppress, or exacerbate immunity, or dysregulate survival and growth of cells. To identify chemical agents with pro- ...

Heparin has been known to be a broad-spectrum inhibitor of viral infection for almost 70 years, and it has been used as a medication for almost 90 years due to its anticoagulant effect. This nontoxic biocompatible polymer efficiently binds to many types of ...

Host attachment is often a critical step in the onset of pathogenesis. To attach to host cells, bacteria have evolved a range of adhesins that bind to specific receptors. Some of these adhesins have been thoroughly characterized using biochemical technique ...

We discovered a highly virulent variant of subtype-B HIV-1 in the Netherlands. One hundred nine individuals with this variant had a 0.54 to 0.74 log(10) increase (i.e., a similar to 3.5-fold to 5.5-fold increase) in viral load compared with, and exhibited ...

Background In people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH), it is unknown whether genetic background associates with rapid progression of kidney dysfunction (ie, estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] decrease of >5mL/min/1.73m(2) per year for >= 3 ...

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is one of the most common viruses latently infecting humans. Little is known about the impact of human genetic variation on the large inter-individual differences observed in response to EBV infection. To search for a potential imp ...

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is in part genetically determined. Aging is accentuated in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH). It is unknown whether genetic CAD event prediction in PLWH is improved by applying individual polyge ...

Innate Barriers to Genome Invasion : how TRIM5a Restricts Retroelements

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Stimulus-responsive assembly of nonviral nucleocapsids

Comparison of Three Viral Nucleic Acid Preamplification Pipelines for Sewage Viral Metagenomics

Influence of Amino Acid Substitutions in Capsid Proteins of Coxsackievirus B5 on Free Chlorine and Thermal Inactivation

Leukocyte Count and Coronary Artery Disease Events in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Longitudinal Study

PSGL-1 is an evolutionarily conserved antiviral restriction factor

Inactivation mechanisms of influenza A virus under pH conditions encountered in aerosol particles as revealed by whole-virus HDX-MS

Association of a Polygenic Risk Score With Osteoporosis in People Living With HIV: The Swiss HIV Cohort Study

Ligand concentration determines antiviral efficacy of silica multivalent nanoparticles

Simultaneous membrane and RNA binding by Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus capsid protein

The HLA-B*57:01 allele corresponds to a very large MHC haploblock likely explaining its massive effect for HIV-1 elite control

Susceptibility of enveloped and non-enveloped viruses to ultraviolet light-emitting diode (UV-LED) irradiation and implications for virus inactivation mechanisms

Phylogenetic estimation of the viral fitness landscape of HIV-1 set-point viral load

A Baseline Cellular Antiviral State Is Maintained by cGAS and Its Most Frequent Naturally Occurring Variant rs610913

High-content, arrayed compound screens with rhinovirus, influenza A virus and herpes simplex virus infections

Polyanionic Amphiphilic Dendritic Polyglycerols as Broad-Spectrum Viral Inhibitors with a Virucidal Mechanism

Engineering synthetic adhesins for biophysical investigation and rewiring of host-microbe interactions

A highly virulent variant of HIV-1 circulating in the Netherlands

Rapid Progression of Kidney Dysfunction in People Living With HIV: Use of Polygenic and Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D) Risk Scores

The influence of human genetic variation on Epstein–Barr virus sequence diversity

Coronary Artery Disease-Associated and Longevity-Associated Polygenic Risk Scores for Prediction of Coronary Artery Disease Events in Persons Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: The Swiss HIV Cohort Study