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Infrared scanning near-field optical microscopy investigates order and clusters in model membranes

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A new self-adjustable glaucoma valve

Julien Maxime Gerber, Soroush Rafiei, Nikolaos Stergiopoulos, Stéphane Bigler

Introduction: Glaucoma, the leading cause of irreversible blindness globally, affects more than 70 million people across the world. When initial treatments prove ineffective, especially for cases with high intraocular pressure (IOP), the preferred approach ...

Frontiers Media Sa2024

Advances in High-Speed, Multiparametric Atomic Force Microscopy

Santiago Harald Andany

After decades of technological advancements, high-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM) has emerged as a powerful technique for visualizing dynamic processes. At the nanoscale, the AFM provides valuable insights into the sample by sensing minute interacti ...

EPFL2024

Revealing the Mechanism Underlying 3D-AFM Imaging of Suspended Structures by Experiments and Simulations

Marcos Penedo Garcia

The invention of 3D atomic force microscopy (3D-AFM) has enabled visualizing subnanoscale 3D hydration structures. Meanwhile, its applications to imaging flexible molecular chains have started to be experimentally explored. However, the validity and princi ...

Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh2024

Dissipative Kerr soliton generation at 2μm in a silicon nitride microresonator

Camille Sophie Brès, Marco Clementi, Ozan Yakar, Anton Stroganov, Christian André Clément Lafforgue

Chip -scale optical frequency combs enable the generation of highly -coherent pulsed light at gigahertz-level repetition rates, with potential technological impact ranging from telecommunications to sensing and spectroscopy. In combination with techniques ...

Optica Publishing Group2024

Revealing chromatin-specific functions of histone deacylases

Beat Fierz, Carlos Moreno Yruela

Histone deacylases are erasers of Nε-acyl-lysine post-translational modifications and have been targeted for decades for the treatment of cancer, neurodegeneration and other disorders. Due to their relatively promiscuous activity on peptide substrates in v ...

2024

Nanolithography of the nanocorral structure of chemisorbed oxygen atoms on the graphitic lattice

Kumar Varoon Agrawal, Shaoxian Li

Controlled atomic patterning is an attractive tool to fine tune properties of graphitic lattice. Several O-functionalized derivatives of graphitic lattice have been widely studied, e.g., graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, and functionalized carbon nan ...

Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd2024

Functionalized Å-scale Pores in Graphene for Carbon Capture

Kuang-Jung Hsu

Single-layer graphene, hosting a high density of functionalized molecular-sieving atom-thick pores, is considered to be an excellent material for gas separation membranes. These functionalized atom-thick pores enable the shortest transport pathway across t ...

EPFL2024

Solution-based Cu+ transient species mediate the reconstruction of copper electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction

Raffaella Buonsanti, Anna Loiudice, Jan Vávra, Petru Pasquale Albertini

Understanding metal surface reconstruction is of the utmost importance in electrocatalysis, as this phenomenon directly affects the nature of available active sites. However, its dynamic nature renders surface reconstruction notoriously difficult to study. ...

Nature Portfolio2024

Investigating the intra-molecular and inter-molecular effects of post-translational modifications on intrinsically disordered protein regions and structured protein regions

Zhidian Zhang

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) play a pivotal role in regulating protein structure, interaction, and function. Aberrant PTM patterns are associated with diseases. Moreover, individual PTMs have a complex interaction with each other, known as PTM c ...

EPFL2024

Overview of physics results from MAST upgrade towards core-pedestal-exhaust integration

Olivier Sauter, Holger Reimerdes, Christian Gabriel Theiler, Federico Alberto Alfredo Felici, Matteo Vallar, Samuele Mazzi

Recent results from MAST Upgrade are presented, emphasising understanding the capabilities of this new device and deepening understanding of key physics issues for the operation of ITER and the design of future fusion power plants. The impact of MHD instab ...

IOP Publishing Ltd2024

Advancing Cell-Free Synthetic Biology: From sustained PURE protein synthesis to an isothermal one-pot DNA replication system

Laura Sophie Grasemann

One of the goals of synthetic biology is the development of an artificial cell. Building an artificial cell from scratch will provide a deeper understanding of fundamental mechanisms and models in biology and promises to contribute towards building novel p ...

EPFL2024

Photothermal spectroscopy on-chip sensor for the measurement of a PMMA film using a silicon nitride micro-ring resonator and an external cavity quantum cascade laser

Simone Iadanza

Laser-based mid-infrared (mid-IR) photothermal spectroscopy (PTS) represents a selective, fast, and sensitive analytical technique. Recent developments in laser design permits the coverage of wider spectral regions in combination with higher power, enablin ...

Walter De Gruyter Gmbh2024

Polydopamine-coated photoautotrophic bacteria for improving extracellular electron transfer in living photovoltaics

Ardemis Anoush Boghossian, Melania Reggente, Hanxuan Wang, Charlotte Elisabeth Marie Roullier, Mohammed Mouhib

Living photovoltaics are microbial electrochemical devices that use whole cell–electrode interactions to convert solar energy to electricity. The bottleneck in these technologies is the limited electron transfer between the microbe and the electrode surfac ...

2024

Influence of micro-patterned support properties and interfacial polymerization conditions on performance of patterned thin-film composite membranes

Kumar Varoon Agrawal, Cédric Karel J Van Goethem

Patterned membranes prepared via spray-modified non -solvent induced phase separation (s-NIPS) have successfully shown enhanced fluxes and better fouling control, thanks to the increased surface area and high fluid shear at the membrane/feed interface. The ...

Elsevier2024

Fluorescence microscopy: A statistics-optics perspective

Aleksandra Radenovic

Fundamental properties of light unavoidably impose features on images collected using fluorescence microscopes. Accounting for these features is often critical in quantitatively interpreting microscopy images, especially those gathering information at scal ...

Amer Physical Soc2024

Pulling force enabled by unlocking the optical phase

Olivier Martin, Karim Achouri, Andrei Kiselev, Siarhei Zavatski

We demonstrate the possibility of achieving an optical pulling force without complex beam-shaping techniques. By using optical pulses detuned from the resonant frequency of the structure, we create conditions in which the spectral maxima of the excited cur ...

Cambridge University Press (CUP)2024

Silicon CMOS and InGaAs(P)/InP SPADs for NIR/SWIR detection

Utku Karaca

Applications demanding imaging at low-light conditions at near-infrared (NIR) and short-wave infrared (SWIR) wavelengths, such as quantum information science, biophotonics, space imaging, and light detection and ranging (LiDAR), have accelerated the develo ...

EPFL2024

Data-Driven Methods for Controller Design in Atomic Force Microscopy

Navid Asmari Saadabad

Ever since the advent of Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) the community of its users is expanding which led to a broad spectrum of applications. Most of these applications require AFM instruments with fast, accurate, and reliable performance. The sensors and ...

EPFL2024

Quantified interface chemistry and biophysics via water imaging

Sylvie Roke

High throughput wide-field second harmonic imaging enables the label-free imaging of interfacial (< 3 nm thick) water, with a spatial resolution of similar to 370 nm using similar to 100 ms acquisition times per image. The obtained interfacial orientationa ...

Spie-Int Soc Optical Engineering2024

Live-cell imaging powered by computation

Suliana Manley

The proliferation of microscopy methods for live-cell imaging offers many new possibilities for users but can also be challenging to navigate. The prevailing challenge in live-cell fluorescence microscopy is capturing intra-cellular dynamics while preservi ...

Nature Portfolio2024