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Anti-cooperativity in diffusion-controlled reactions with pairs of anisotropic domains: a model for the antigen-antibody encounter

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Evaluation of the role of superoxide radical as chain carrier for the formation of hydroxyl radical during ozonation

Urs von Gunten, Gang Yu

Superoxide radicals (O-2(center dot-)) have been suggested as an important chain carrier in the radical chain reaction that promotes ozone (O-3) decomposition to hydroxyl radicals ((OH)-O-center dot) during ozonation. However, due to the difficulty in meas ...

PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD2023

Grand canonical Brownian dynamics simulations of adsorption and self-assembly of SAS-6 rings on a surface

Pierre Gönczy, Niccolo Banterle

The Spindle Assembly Abnormal Protein 6 (SAS-6) forms dimers, which then self-assemble into rings that are critical for the nine-fold symmetry of the centriole organelle. It has recently been shown experimentally that the self-assembly of SAS-6 rings is st ...

AIP Publishing2023

Optimal enzyme utilization suggests that concentrations and thermodynamics determine binding mechanisms and enzyme saturations

Vassily Hatzimanikatis, Daniel Robert Weilandt, Asli Sahin

One of the main challenges hampering the development of kinetic models is the lack of kinetic parameters for many enzymatic reactions. Here, the authors introduce a framework to explore the catalytically optimal operating conditions of any complex enzyme m ...

Nature Portfolio2023

Eight-vertex criticality in the interacting Kitaev chain

Frédéric Mila, Natalia Chepiga

We show that including pairing and repulsion into the description of one-dimensional spinless fermions, as in the domain wall theory of commensurate melting or the interacting Kitaev chain, leads, for strong enough repulsion, to a line of critical points i ...

AMER PHYSICAL SOC2023

Systematic analysis of biomolecular binding reactions using microfluidic systems

Amir Shahein

Transcription factor binding to a single binding site on DNA and its functional consequence in a promoter context are beginning to be relatively well understood. However, binding to clusters of sites has yet to be characterized in depth, and the functional ...

EPFL2022

Poloxamers Have Vaccine-Adjuvant Properties by Increasing Dissemination of Particulate Antigen at Distant Lymph Nodes

Myriam Isabelle Lamrayah

Vaccine technology is still facing challenges regarding some infectious diseases, which can be addressed by innovative drug delivery systems. In particular, nanoparticle-based vaccines combined with new types of adjuvants are actively explored as a platfor ...

MDPI2023

Novel trehalose-based excipients for stabilizing nebulized anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody

Sandrine Gerber, Solène Marcelle Françoise Marie Passemard, François Rémi Pierre Noverraz

COVID-19 is caused by the infection of the lungs by SARS-CoV-2. Monoclonal antibodies, such as sotrovimab, showed great efficiency in neutralizing the virus before its internalization by lung epithelial cells. However, parenteral routes are still the prefe ...

2023

Reactivity of Bromine Radical with Dissolved Organic Matter Moieties and Monochloramine: Effect on Bromate Formation during Ozonation

Urs von Gunten, Sung Eun Lim

Bromine radical (Br center dot) has been hypothesized to be a key intermediate of bromate formation during ozonation. Once formed, Br center dot further reacts with ozone to eventually form bromate. However, this reaction competes with the reaction of Br c ...

AMER CHEMICAL SOC2023

Protein Engineering for Personalized therapy and diagnosis

Lixia Wei

Protein Engineering, especially protein post-translational modification (PTM), ex-tends proteomes in a more complex way than one can expect from analysis of their encod-ing genomes. It can activate or deactivate certain catalytic functions, add new desired ...

EPFL2022

Unlocking Hidden Potential: Exploring the Complexities of Signaling in Immune Cell Activation to Optimize CAR Therapy

Mathieu Girardin

Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are synthetic, transmembrane proteins that trigger immune cell signaling following their engagement. They have been first utilized in T cells and later in natural killer (NK) cells to redirect their cytotoxicity toward a s ...

EPFL2023

Backtracking Dynamical Cavity Method

Barbora Hudcová, Lenka Zdeborová, Freya Behrens

The cavity method is one of the cornerstones of the statistical physics of disordered systems such as spin glasses and other complex systems. It is able to analytically and asymptotically exactly describe the equilibrium properties of a broad range of mode ...

American Physical Society2023

Targeting molecular surfaces to engineer novel protein-based immunogens and inhibitors

Sarah Wehrle

Proteins are the basic building blocks necessary for the operation and regulation of virtually all functions in living organisms. Over millions of years, evolution has created a vast repertoire of proteins finely tuned to execute their biological functions ...

EPFL2022

Microfluidic characterisation reveals broad range of SARS-CoV-2 antibody affinity in human plasma

Didier Trono, Priscilla Turelli

The clinical outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infections, which can range from asymptomatic to lethal, is crucially shaped by the concentration of antiviral antibodies and by their affinity to their targets. However, the affinity of polyclonal antibody responses in p ...

LIFE SCIENCE ALLIANCE LLC2022

Chlorination of amides: Kinetics and mechanisms of formation of N-chloramides and their reactions with phenolic compounds

Urs von Gunten, Tianqi Zhang

Amides are common constituents in natural organic matter and synthetic chemicals. In this study, we investi-gated kinetics and mechanisms of the reactions of chlorine with seven amides, including acetamide, N-meth-ylformamide, N-methylacetamide, benzamide, ...

2023

Dispatch-aware Optimal Planning of Active Distribution Networks including Energy Storage Systems

Ji Hyun Yi

The thesis develops a planning framework for ADNs to achieve their dispatchability by means of ESS allocation while ensuring a reliable and secure operation of ADNs. Second, the framework is extended to include grid reinforcements and ESSs planning. Finall ...

EPFL2023

Humoral Responses Against Variants of Concern by COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines in Immunocompromised Patients

Didier Trono

IMPORTANCE There are limited comparative data on the durability of neutralizing antibody (nAb) responses elicited by messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) in immunocompromised patients and healthy controls. ...

AMER MEDICAL ASSOC2022