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Combining Model Driven and Data Driven Approaches for Inverse Problems in Parameter Estimation and Image Reconstruction: From Modelling to Validation

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Posterior-Based Analysis of Spatio-Temporal Features for Sign Language Assessment

Neha Tarigopula

Sign Language conveys information through multiple channels composed of manual (handshape, hand movement) and non-manual (facial expression, mouthing, body posture) components. Sign language assessment involves giving granular feedback to a learner, in ter ...

IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC2025

Incorporating Projective Geometry into Deep Learning

Michal Jan Tyszkiewicz

In this thesis we explore the applications of projective geometry, a mathematical theory of the relation between 3D scenes and their 2D images, in modern learning-based computer vision systems. This is an interesting research question which contradicts the ...

EPFL2024

Reduced Training Data for Laser Ultrasound Signal Interpretation by Neural Networks

Romain Christophe Rémy Fleury, Janez Rus

The performance of machine learning algorithms is conditioned by the availability of training datasets, which is especially true for the field of nondestructive evaluation. Here we propose one reconfigurable specimen instead of numerous reference specimens ...

2024

Probing the latent hierarchical structure of data via diffusion models

Noam Itzhak Levi, Alessandro Favero, Antonio Sclocchi

High-dimensional data must be highly structured to be learnable. Although the compositional and hierarchical nature of data is often put forward to explain learnability, quantitative measurements establishing these properties are scarce. Likewise, accessin ...

2025

Understanding generalization and robustness in modern deep learning

Maksym Andriushchenko

In this thesis, we study two closely related directions: robustness and generalization in modern deep learning. Deep learning models based on empirical risk minimization are known to be often non-robust to small, worst-case perturbations known as adversari ...

EPFL2024

DEMO: Dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) for the restoration of facial movements

Yves Perriard, Yoan René Cyrille Civet, Stefania Maria Aliki Konstantinidi, Simon Holzer, Andres Osorio Salazar, Marc Michel Charles Favier

Facial paralysis is a highly burdening condition, resulting in a patient's inability to move his musculature on one or both sides of the mouth. The restoration of facial movement is crucial for enhancing the overall patients' quality of life. The use of DE ...

SPIE2025

Deep learning approach for identification of H II regions during reionization in 21-cm observations - II. Foreground contamination

Jean-Paul Richard Kneib, Emma Elizabeth Tolley, Michele Bianco, Tianyue Chen

The upcoming Square Kilometre Array Observatory will produce images of neutral hydrogen distribution during the epoch of reionization by observing the corresponding 21-cm signal. However, the 21-cm signal will be subject to instrumental limitations such as ...

Oxford Univ Press2024

Domain shift, domain adaptation, and generalization: A focus on MRI

Tobias Kober, Meritxell Bach Cuadra, Veronica Lily Ravano, Jonas Richiardi

Differences in acquisition protocols or hardware result in measurable changes in image characteristics. These differences affect distributional properties and can also affect the spatial and temporal characteristics of the images. Likewise, the distributio ...

Academic Press2025

Feature-based encoding of face identity by single neurons in the human amygdala and hippocampus

Emanuela De Falco

Neurons in the human amygdala and hippocampus are classically thought to encode a person’s identity invariant to visual features. However, it remains largely unknown how visual information from higher visual cortical areas is translated into such a semanti ...

2025

Machine-learning-empowered FDTD/FEM simulations for predictive solar energy absorption in plasmonic metamaterial nanocavity arrays

Amir Jafargholi

FDTD/FEM simulations, strengthened by machine learning, achieve 95.44% optical absorption efficiency in TiO 2 /TiN plasmonic nanocavities for solar energy harvesting. ...

Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)2025

Residual-based attention in physics-informed neural networks

Nikolaos Stergiopoulos, Sokratis Anagnostopoulos

Driven by the need for more efficient and seamless integration of physical models and data, physics -informed neural networks (PINNs) have seen a surge of interest in recent years. However, ensuring the reliability of their convergence and accuracy remains ...

Elsevier Science Sa2024

Training hybrid neural networks with multimode optical nonlinearities using digital twins

Demetri Psaltis, Christophe Moser, Niyazi Ulas Dinç, Ilker Oguz, Mustafa Yildirim, Jih-Liang Hsieh

The ability to train ever-larger neural networks brings artificial intelligence to the forefront of scientific and technical discoveries. However, their exponentially increasing size creates a proportionally greater demand for energy and computational hard ...

Walter de Gruyter GmbH2025

Self-supervised Change Detection via Cooperative Learning: A Two-Player Model

Manon Cécile Nicole Béchaz, Devis Tuia, Emanuele Dalsasso

Change detection (CD) is a critical task in remote sensing, especially for monitoring dynamic urban environments. In this work, we present a novel, self-supervised CD approach that leverages a two-player architecture to improve the reliability and accuracy ...

IEEE2025

Generalization of Scaled Deep ResNets in the Mean-Field Regime

Volkan Cevher, Grigorios Chrysos, Fanghui Liu

Despite the widespread empirical success of ResNet, the generalization properties of deep ResNet are rarely explored beyond the lazy training regime. In this work, we investigate scaled ResNet in the limit of infinitely deep and wide neural networks, of wh ...

2024

Fifty Shades of Vision: How Does Spatiotemporal Context Influence Perception?

Ayberk Ozkirli

This thesis investigates how spatiotemporal context influences visual perception, critically evaluating two dominant frameworks in vision science: traditional feedforward and Bayesian integration models. Traditional models propose that perception is constr ...

EPFL2025

Coupling a recurrent neural network to SPAD TCSPC systems for real-time fluorescence lifetime imaging

Edoardo Charbon, Claudio Bruschini, Andrei Ardelean, Paul Mos, Yang Lin

Fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLI) has been receiving increased attention in recent years as a powerful diagnostic technique in biological and medical research. However, existing FLI systems often suffer from a tradeoff between processing speed, accuracy, ...

Nature Portfolio2024

ThermoNeRF: A multimodal Neural Radiance Field for joint RGB-thermal novel view synthesis of building facades

Olga Fink, Florent Evariste Forest, Mariam Ahmed Mahmoud Hegazy Hassan

Thermal scene reconstruction holds great potential for various applications, such as building energy analysis and non-destructive infrastructure testing. However, existing methods rely on dense scene measurements and use RGB images for 3D reconstruction, i ...

2025

MaskCLR: Attention-Guided Contrastive Learning for Robust Action Representation Learning

Alexandre Massoud Alahi, Mohamed Ossama Ahmed Abdelfattah, Mariam Ahmed Mahmoud Hegazy Hassan

Current transformer-based skeletal action recognition models tend to focus on a limited set of joints and low-level motion patterns to predict action classes. This results in significant performance degradation under small skeleton perturbations or changin ...

2024

Accurate neural quantum states for interacting lattice bosons

Giuseppe Carleo, Zakari Denis

In recent years, neural quantum states have emerged as a powerful variational approach, achieving state-of-the-art accuracy when representing the ground-state wave function of a great variety of quantum many-body systems, including spin lattices, interacti ...

Verein zur Forderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften2025

Machine Learning for Modeling Stock Returns

Teng Andrea Xu

Throughout history, the pace of knowledge and information sharing has evolved into an unthinkable speed and media. At the end of the XVII century, in Europe, the ideas that would shape the "Age of Enlightenment" were slowly being developed in coffeehouses, ...

EPFL2024