The glucocorticoid receptor in the nucleus accumbens plays a crucial role in social rank attainment in rodents

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Neural organoids and spheroids are three-dimensional (3D) in vitro brain models that mimic key aspects of human brain cellular composition, organization, and function. These models have become essential for studying brain development and neurological disor ...

Functional brain fingerprinting has emerged as an influential tool to quantify reliability in neuroimaging studies and to identify cognitive biomarkers in both healthy and clinical populations. Recent studies have revealed that brain fingerprints reside in ...

Obesity represents a significant public health concern and is linked to various comorbidities and cognitive impairments. Previous research indicates that elevated body mass index (BMI) is associated with structural changes in white matter (WM). However, a ...

Social behaviors such as cooperation are crucial for mammals. A deeper knowledge of the neuronal mechanisms underlying cooperation can be beneficial for people suffering from pathologies with impaired social behavior. Our aim was to study the brain activit ...

Reinforcement feedback can improve motor learning, but the underlying brain mechanisms remain underexplored. In particular, the causal contribution of specific patterns of oscillatory activity within the human striatum is unknown. To address this question, ...

Reinforcement learning (RL) is crucial for learning to adapt to new environments. In RL, the prediction error is an important component that compares the expected and actual rewards. Dopamine plays a critical role in encoding these prediction errors. In my ...

We are constantly bombarded by sensory information and constantly making decisions on how to act. In order to optimally adapt behavior, we must judge which sequences of sensory inputs and actions lead to successful outcomes in specific circumstances. Neuro ...

The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is a brain hub regulating motivated behaviors, including social competitiveness. Mitochondrial function in the NAc links anxiety with social competitiveness, and the mitochondrial fusion protein mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) in NAc neurons ...

During fear learning, defensive behaviors like freezing need to be finely balanced in the presence or absence of threat-predicting cues (conditioned stimulus, CS). Nevertheless, the circuits underlying such balancing are largely unknown. Here, we investiga ...

Background: A neurocognitive phenotype of post-COVID-19 infection has recently been described that is characterized by a lack of awareness of memory impairment (i.e., anosognosia), altered functional connectivity in the brain's default mode and limbic netw ...

Treatment-resistant depression is a severe form of major depressive disorder and deep brain stimulation is currently an investigational treatment. The stimulation's therapeutic effect may be explained through the functional and structural connectivities be ...

Aversively-motivated associative learning allows animals to avoid harm and thus ensures survival. Aversive learning can be studied by the fear learning paradigm, in which an innocuous sensory stimulus like a tone (conditioned stimulus, CS), acquires a nega ...

Stroke is the main source of long-lasting disability, affecting dominantly motor functions. The extent and course of recovery are highly heterogeneous between patients, with a minority of patients fully recovering from their initial impairments, leaving 85 ...

The brain and behavior are under energetic constraints, limited by mitochondrial energy transformation capacity. However, the mitochondria-behavior relationship has not been systematically studied at a brain-wide scale. Here we examined the association bet ...

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy is a powerful, non-invasive, quantitative imaging technique that allows for the measurement of brain metabolites that has demonstrated utility in diagnosing and characterizing a broad range of neurological diseases. Its impa ...

Dopamine synapses play a crucial role in volitional movement and reward-related behaviors, while dysfunction of dopamine synapses causes various psychiatric and neurological disorders. Despite this significance, the true biological nature of dopamine synap ...

The spinal cord is an elongated nervous structure that together with the brain forms the central nervous system. It relays sensory and motor information between the brain and the body, thus controlling most somatic and autonomic body functions. In recent y ...

Background: Small-vessel disease (SVD) plays a crucial role in cardiac and brain ischemia, but little is known about potential interrelation between both. We retrospectively evaluated 370 patients, aiming at assessing the interrelation between cardiac and ...

The stimulation of deep brain structures has thus far only been possible with invasive methods. Transcranial electrical temporal interference stimulation (tTIS) is a novel, noninvasive technology that might overcome this limitation. The initial proof-of-co ...

Alterations of the limbic system may be present in the chronic phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our aim was to study the long-term impact of this disease on limbic system-related behaviour and its associated brain functional connectivity, according to the se ...

The glucocorticoid receptor in the nucleus accumbens plays a crucial role in social rank attainment in rodents

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Soft microelectrode arrays for 3D in vitro brain models

TR(Acking) Individuals Down: Exploring the Effect of Temporal Resolution in Resting-State Functional MRI Fingerprinting

White adipose tissue distribution and amount are associated with increased white matter connectivity

Involvement of prelimbic cortex neurons and related circuits in the acquisition of a cooperative learning by pairs of rats

Non-invasive stimulation of the human striatum disrupts reinforcement learning of motor skills

Unveiling the complexity of learning and decision-making

Striatal Dopamine Signals and Reward Learning

Mitofusin-2 in nucleus accumbens D2-MSNs regulates social dominance and neuronal function

A striatal circuit balances learned fear in the presence and absence of sensory cues

Acute TNF alpha levels predict cognitive impairment 6-9 months after COVID-19 infection

Linking connectivity of deep brain stimulation of nucleus accumbens area with clinical depression improvements: a retrospective longitudinal case series

Plasticity of sensory representations in the posterior insular cortex during fear learning

Longitudinal evaluation of the mechanisms supporting post-stroke motor recovery using TMS-EEG coupling

Brain mitochondrial diversity and network organization predict anxiety-like behavior in male mice

Harmonization of multi-scanner in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy: ENIGMA consortium task group considerations

GABAergic-like dopamine synapses in the brain

Digital reconstruction of the mammalian spinal cord: from anatomical reference volume to cell type atlas of the mouse spinal cord

Interrelation between cardiac and brain small-vessel disease: a pilot quantitative PET and MRI study

Noninvasive theta-burst stimulation of the human striatum enhances striatal activity and motor skill learning

Markers of limbic system damage following SARS-CoV-2 infection