Publication

Reactivity enhancement of oxide skins in reversible Ti-doped NaAlH4

Andreas Züttel
2014
Journal Articles

Abstract

The reversibility of hydrogen sorption in complex hydrides has only been shown unambiguously for NaAlH4 doped with transition metal compounds. Despite a multitude of investigations of the effect of the added catalyst on the hydrogen sorption kinetics of NaAlH4, the mechanism of catalysis remains elusive so far. Following the decomposition of TiCl3-doped NaAlH4 by in-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), we link the chemical state of the dopant with those of the hydride and decomposition products. Titanium and aluminium change their oxidation states during cycling. The change of the formal oxidation state of Al from III to zero is partly due to the chemical reaction from NaAlH4 to Al. Furthermore, aluminium oxide is formed (Al2O3), which coexists with titanium oxide (Ti2O3). The interplay of metallic and oxidized Ti with the oxide skin might explain the effectiveness of Ti and similar dopants (Ce, Zr...). (C) 2014 Author(s).

Official source

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/2de3d964-34f2-48f7-88b6-00bd88510843

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Andreas Züttel
2014
Journal Articles

Abstract

Official source

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/2de3d964-34f2-48f7-88b6-00bd88510843

About this result

Related concepts (32)

Hydrogen storage

Several methods exist for storing hydrogen. These include mechanical approaches such as using high pressures and low temperatures, or employing chemical compounds that release H2 upon demand. While large amounts of hydrogen are produced by various industries, it is mostly consumed at the site of production, notably for the synthesis of ammonia. For many years hydrogen has been stored as compressed gas or cryogenic liquid, and transported as such in cylinders, tubes, and cryogenic tanks for use in industry or as propellant in space programs.

Transition metal

In chemistry, a transition metal (or transition element) is a chemical element in the d-block of the periodic table (groups 3 to 12), though the elements of group 12 (and less often group 3) are sometimes excluded. The lanthanide and actinide elements (the f-block) are called inner transition metals and are sometimes considered to be transition metals as well. Since they are metals, they are lustrous and have good electrical and thermal conductivity.

Oxidation state

In chemistry, the oxidation state, or oxidation number, is the hypothetical charge of an atom if all of its bonds to other atoms were fully ionic. It describes the degree of oxidation (loss of electrons) of an atom in a chemical compound. Conceptually, the oxidation state may be positive, negative or zero. While fully ionic bonds are not found in nature, many bonds exhibit strong ionicity, making oxidation state a useful predictor of charge. The oxidation state of an atom does not represent the "real" charge on that atom, or any other actual atomic property.

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