On evaluating the accuracy and biological plausibility of diffusion MRI tractograms

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Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) tractography is a powerful approach to study brain structural connectivity. However, its reliability in a clinical context is still highly debated. Recent studies have shown that most classical algorithms achieve ...

Obesity represents a significant public health concern and is linked to various comorbidities and cognitive impairments. Previous research indicates that elevated body mass index (BMI) is associated with structural changes in white matter (WM). However, a ...

Recent research shows prominent effects of pregnancy and the parenthood transition on structural brain characteristics in humans. Here, we present a comprehensive study of how parental status and number of children born/fathered links to markers of brain a ...

Cell fate progression of pluripotent progenitors is strictly regulated, resulting in high human cell diversity. Epigenetic modifications also orchestrate cell fate restriction. Unveiling the epigenetic mechanisms underlying human cell diversity has been di ...

The growing global obesity issue emphasizes the importance of understanding its health implications. Previous research has identified consistent alterations in gray matter (GM) volume in connection with obesity. Given the various implications of distinct f ...

Motivation is a multifaceted phenomenon that we explore within the framework of decision-making. Through this cognitive process, actions are directed towards specific goals by performing a trade-off between the cost and benefit of an action. The dorsomedia ...

A spinal cord injury (SCI) triggers a cascade of molecular and cellular responses involving inflammatory cell infiltration and cytokine release, apoptosis, demyelination, excitotoxicity, ischemia, and the formation of a fibrotic scar surrounded by an astro ...

The reported rate of the occurrence of unilateral spatial neglect (USN) is highly variable likely due to the lack of validity and low sensitivity of classical tools used to assess it. Virtual reality (VR) assessments try to overcome these limitations by pr ...

Transformer models such as GPT generate human-like language and are predictive of human brain responses to language. Here, using functional-MRI-measured brain responses to 1,000 diverse sentences, we first show that a GPT-based encoding model can predict t ...

Objective. Selective neuromodulation of deep brain regions has for a long time only been possible through invasive approaches, because of the steep depth-focality trade-off of conventional non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques. Approach. An appr ...

Type C hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a severe neuropsychiatric complication of chronic liver disease, for which the prognosis is poor in the absence of liver transplantation. Cirrhosis in type C HE leads to a toxic accumulation of ammonia in the blood, wh ...

Very preterm birth (VPT;

We enable the estimation of the per-axon axial diffusivity from single encoding, strongly diffusion-weighted, pulsed gradient spin echo data. Additionally, we improve the estimation of the per-axon radial diffusivity compared to estimates based on spherica ...

The brain is composed of several anatomically clearly separated structures. This parcellation is often extended into the isocortex, based on anatomical, physiological or functional differences. Here, we derive a parcellation scheme based purely on the spat ...

ObjectivePrematurity is associated with a high risk of long-term behavioral problems. This study aimed to assess the prognostic utility of volumetric brain data at term-equivalent-age (TEA), clinical perinatal factors, and parental social economic risk in ...

The spinal cord is an elongated nervous structure that together with the brain forms the central nervous system. It relays sensory and motor information between the brain and the body, thus controlling most somatic and autonomic body functions. In recent y ...

Background: Small-vessel disease (SVD) plays a crucial role in cardiac and brain ischemia, but little is known about potential interrelation between both. We retrospectively evaluated 370 patients, aiming at assessing the interrelation between cardiac and ...

The motor learning process entails plastic changes in the brain, especially in brain network reconfigurations. In the current study, we sought to characterize motor learning by determining changes in the coupling behaviour between the brain functional and ...

The brain and behavior are under energetic constraints, limited by mitochondrial energy transformation capacity. However, the mitochondria-behavior relationship has not been systematically studied at a brain-wide scale. Here we examined the association bet ...

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is the only technique that can detect endogenous metabolites directly and non-invasively in vivo. It allows to identify different metabolites and analyze the dynamic neurochemical processes in the brain, skeletal muscl ...

On evaluating the accuracy and biological plausibility of diffusion MRI tractograms

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A Riemannian framework for incorporating white matter bundle prior in orientation distribution function based tractography algorithms

White adipose tissue distribution and amount are associated with increased white matter connectivity

Parental status and markers of brain and cellular age: A 3D convolutional network and classification study

Single-cell epigenomic reconstruction of developmental trajectories from pluripotency in human neural organoid systems

The interplay between white adipose tissue, adipokines, and structural gray matter changes

Neurobiological and metabolic basis of motivation and effort-based decision-making - A human 1H-MRS, fMRI and machine learning study

Multimodal transcriptomic atlases of mouse spinal cord injury

An immersive virtual reality tool for assessing left and right unilateral spatial neglect

Driving and suppressing the human language network using large language models

Safety, tolerability and blinding efficiency of non-invasive deep transcranial temporal interference stimulation: first experience from more than 250 sessions

New insights into rodent brain microstructure and metabolism in hepatic encephalopathy

Cortical alterations after very preterm birth and the association with socio-emotional abilities from childhood to early adolescence

Axial and radial axonal diffusivities and radii from single encoding strongly diffusion-weighted MRI

A parcellation scheme of mouse isocortex based on reversals in connectivity gradients

Behavioral outcome of very preterm children at 5 years of age: Prognostic utility of brain tissue volumes at term-equivalent-age, perinatal, and environmental factors

Digital reconstruction of the mammalian spinal cord: from anatomical reference volume to cell type atlas of the mouse spinal cord

Interrelation between cardiac and brain small-vessel disease: a pilot quantitative PET and MRI study

Brain connectome correlates of short-term motor learning in healthy older subjects

Brain mitochondrial diversity and network organization predict anxiety-like behavior in male mice

Robust gamma-aminobutyric acid and energy metabolism measurements by proton and phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy and fingerprinting