SCCER-FURIES - Deployment recommendation for large penetration of PV and distributed storage

This report aims at providing some guidelines for the deployment of PV and distributed storage in low voltage grids, considering the economic aspects for the investors and the safety of the grid operation when facing a high PV penetration. This report proposes a novel approach imposing feed-in limits that are tailored to the load characteristic of the individual systems rather than based on the PV capacity. It is shown that this grid regulation is effective in preventing over-usage of the transformer but come with a cost for the system owners. A long term planning simulation, taking into account this grid regulation scheme and maintaining the distribution system operator’s revenues, shows that a PV penetration of almost 150% is achievable by 2050 without the need of replacing grid components while ensuring that all systems have an internal rate of return greater than 6%. To maintain the grid operator’s revenue, the electricity tariff shall increase from 21 to 28 cts/kWh.