Publication

Over 31%-efficient perovskite–TOPCon solar cells enabled by AlOx -based hydrogenation and front sub-micron texturing

Christophe Ballif
2025

Abstract

We demonstrate high-efficiency perovskite–silicon tandem solar cells using double-sided tunnel oxide passivated contacts (TOPCon2) bottom cells, achieving 30.2% efficiency on both-sides flat and 31.3% on front-textured devices. The former is enabled by high passivation quality on flat surfaces and the latter by enhanced optical performance. These results highlight that TOPCon2 is a promising platform for scalable tandem integration beyond silicon heterojunction-based bottom cells.

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Christophe Ballif
2025

Abstract

Official source

Related concepts (31)

Solar cell

A solar cell, or photovoltaic cell, is an electronic device that converts the energy of light directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect, which is a physical phenomenon. It is a form of photoelectric cell, defined as a device whose electrical characteristics, such as current, voltage, or resistance, vary when exposed to light. Individual solar cell devices are often the electrical building blocks of photovoltaic modules, known colloquially as solar panels.

Multi-junction solar cell

Multi-junction (MJ) solar cells are solar cells with multiple p–n junctions made of different semiconductor materials. Each material's p-n junction will produce electric current in response to different wavelengths of light. The use of multiple semiconducting materials allows the absorbance of a broader range of wavelengths, improving the cell's sunlight to electrical energy conversion efficiency. Traditional single-junction cells have a maximum theoretical efficiency of 33.16%.

Perovskite solar cell

A perovskite solar cell (PSC) is a type of solar cell that includes a perovskite-structured compound, most commonly a hybrid organic–inorganic lead or tin halide-based material as the light-harvesting active layer. Perovskite materials, such as methylammonium lead halides and all-inorganic cesium lead halide, are cheap to produce and simple to manufacture. Solar-cell efficiencies of laboratory-scale devices using these materials have increased from 3.8% in 2009 to 25.

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