Extra-axonal restricted diffusion as an in-vivo marker of reactive microglia

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Restoring the ability to walk is a priority for individuals with neurological disorders or neurotraumatic injuries, given its significant impact on independence and quality of life. Multimodal closed-loop strategies that integrate robotic assistance and ne ...

Over the last two decades, Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DW-MRI) has been developed as a powerful MR imaging modality that allows estimating non-invasively the microscopic structure of biological tissues by exploiting the natural motion of ...

Integrating smart algorithms on neural devices presents significant opportunities for various brain disorders. In this paper, we review the latest advancements in the development of three categories of intelligent neural prostheses featuring embedded signa ...

Automatic rib labeling and anatomical centerline extraction are common prerequisites for various clinical applications. Prior studies either use in-house datasets that are inaccessible to communities, or focus on rib segmentation that neglects the clinical ...

Digital brain atlases define a hierarchy of brain regions and their locations in three-dimensional space. They provide a standard coordinate system in which diverse datasets can be integrated for visualization and analysis. They also enable building of dat ...

Neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory disorders often involve complex pathophysiological mechanisms that are â to this date â only partially understood. A more comprehensive understanding of those microstructural processes and their characterization ...

Type C hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a severe neuropsychiatric complication of chronic liver disease, for which the prognosis is poor in the absence of liver transplantation. Cirrhosis in type C HE leads to a toxic accumulation of ammonia in the blood, wh ...

T1-weighted structural MRI is widely used to measure brain morphometry (e.g., cortical thickness and subcortical volumes). Accelerated scans as fast as one minute or less are now available but it is unclear if they are adequate for quantitative morphometry ...

Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) encephalopathy (HIE) in term newborns is a leading cause of mortality and chronic disability. Hypothermia (HT) is the only clinically available therapeutic intervention; however, its neuroprotective effects are limited. Lacto ...

The myelinated white matter tracts of the central nervous system (CNS) are essential for fast transmission of electrical impulses and are often differentially affected in human neurodegenerative diseases across CNS region, age and sex. We hypothesize that ...

Background: Small-vessel disease (SVD) plays a crucial role in cardiac and brain ischemia, but little is known about potential interrelation between both. We retrospectively evaluated 370 patients, aiming at assessing the interrelation between cardiac and ...

Segmented meso-voids from a tomography scan of preforms impregnated under capillary dominated conditions, combined to 3D scans of the initial prefrom dry state. ...

Although hallucinations are important and frequent symptoms in major psychiatric and neurological diseases, little is known about their brain mechanisms. Hallucinations are unpredictable and private experiences, making their investigation, quantification a ...

The high computational costs of deep convolutional neural networks hinder their deployment in real-world applications, including pulmonary nodule detection from CT scans where large 3D image sizes amplify the issue. This paper presents a novel 3D method to ...

Communication between cortical areas contributes importantly to sensory perception and cognition. On the millisecond time scale, information is signaled from one brain area to another by action potentials propagating across long-range axonal arborizations. ...

BackgroundDetecting new and enlarged lesions in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients is needed to determine their disease activity. LeMan-PV is a software embedded in the scanner reconstruction system of one vendor, which automatically assesses new and enlarge ...

High comorbidity rates, especially mental-physical comorbidity, constitute an increasing health care burden, with women and men being differentially affected. To gain an overview of comorbidity rates stratified by sex across a range of different conditions ...

Growing evidence suggests that phase-locked deep brain stimulation (DBS) can effectively regulate abnormal brain connectivity in neurological and psychiatric disorders. This letter therefore presents a low-power SoC with both neural connectivity extraction ...

In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) caused by SOD1 gene mutations, both cell-autonomous and noncell-autonomous mechanisms lead to the selective degeneration of motoneurons (MN). Here, we evaluate the therapeutic potential of gene therapy targeting mutat ...

Following traumatic brain injury (TBI), cerebral metabolic dysfunction, characterized by an elevated cerebral microdialysis (CMD) lactate/pyruvate (LP) ratio, is associated with poor outcome. However, the exact pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this ...

Extra-axonal restricted diffusion as an in-vivo marker of reactive microglia

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Multimodal closed-loop strategies for gait recovery after spinal cord injury and stroke via the integration of robotics and neuromodulation

Simulation-based Microstructure Imaging: Towards Realistic White Matter Modeling using Monte Carlo Methods in DW-MRI

Intelligent Neural Interfaces: An Emerging Era in Neurotechnology

RibSeg v2: A Large-Scale Benchmark for Rib Labeling and Anatomical Centerline Extraction

Enhancement of brain atlases with region-specific coordinate systems: flatmaps and barrel column annotations

Development and clinical validation of computational imaging biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases

New insights into rodent brain microstructure and metabolism in hepatic encephalopathy

Brain morphometry in older adults with and without dementia using extremely rapid structural scans

Early Neuroprotective Effects of Bovine Lactoferrin Associated with Hypothermia after Neonatal Brain Hypoxia-Ischemia in Rats

Brain matters: unveiling the distinct contributions of region, age, and sex to glia diversity and CNS function

Interrelation between cardiac and brain small-vessel disease: a pilot quantitative PET and MRI study

3D representation of meso-voids location and morphology within the fibrous pore space of three carbon fabrics

Neuroscience robotics for controlled induction and real-time assessment of hallucinations

Efficient Lung Nodule Detection via 3D Deep Learning with Shifted Convolutions

Axonal and Dendritic Morphology of Excitatory Neurons in Layer 2/3 Mouse Barrel Cortex Imaged Through Whole-Brain Two-Photon Tomography and Registered to a Digital Brain Atlas

A Multicenter Longitudinal MRI Study Assessing LeMan-PV Software Accuracy in the Detection of White Matter Lesions in Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Sex Differences in Comorbidity Combinations in the Swedish Population

A 16-Channel Low-Power Neural Connectivity Extraction and Phase-Locked Deep Brain Stimulation SoC

Astrocyte-targeting RNA interference against mutated superoxide dismutase 1 induces motoneuron plasticity and protects fast-fatigable motor units in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Cerebral Metabolic Dysfunction at the Acute Phase of Traumatic Brain Injury Correlates with Long-Term Tissue Loss