Kinetic experiments of electrochemical oxidation of iohexol on BDD electrodes for wastewater treatment

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BACKGROUND: In 2017, an estimated 17.3 million adults in the United States experienced at least one major depressive episode, with 35% of them not receiving any treatment. Underdiagnosis of depression has been attributed to many reasons, including stigma surrounding mental health, limited access to medical care, and barriers due to cost. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine if low-burden personal health solutions, leveraging person-generated health data (PGHD), could represent a possible way to increas

One of the aims of the treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater is the removal of phosphorus prior to discharge into the environment. Since phosphorus concentrations in wastewater exceed the requirement of bacterial growth, biological phosphorus removal is based on the ability of a group of microorganisms, named “Polyphosphate Accumulating Organisms” (PAO), to form large quantities of polyphosphate in their cells. In this study, we are focussing on the bacteria actively involved in the phosphorus rem

Since 1990, almost 1.9 billion people have gained access to an improved sanitation facility, while 2.6 billion people still live without access to improved sanitation. In urban areas of low- and middle-income countries, the majority of household rely on onsite sanitation systems, producing huge amounts of faecal sludge (FS) that end in the environment every day. FS has to be managed in a proper way, integrating onsite system, storage, transport, treatment, disposal and reuse. In the past years, several FS t

Microalgae represent an attractive source of biomass for biofuels and chemicals production since they can have higher energy yields per area than conventional biomass crops and can be grown on marginal land using waste, saline, or brackish water. Their use can thus avoid the food-fuel competition for land and water, resulting in major economic and social benefits. At the present stage however, significant developments are requested for making microalgae-to-biofuels processes technologically and economically

Many organic micropollutants present in wastewater, such as pharmaceuticals and pesticides, are poorly removed in conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). To reduce the release of these substances into the aquatic environment, advanced treatments are necessary and may be soon mandatory in Switzerland. Two advanced treatments were tested in pilot systems over more than one year at the municipal WWTP of Lausanne, Switzerland. The first pilot involves the ozonation of the effluent to oxidize organic su

The locally-resolved degradation behavior was studied during 1900 hours in an SOFC repeat-element. In-situ measurements of local electrochemical performance were made on 18 locations over a segmented anode-supported cell. The evolution of local current densities, overpotentials and area-specific resistances was studied, showing a reorganization of the electrochemical reaction with time. The extent and the spatial distribution of degradation were established for different electrochemical reactions steps usin

A solid oxide fuel (SOFC) cogenerates heat and electricity with high efficiency. Electricity is produced by the electrochemical reaction of a fuel (H2, CO, CH4) and an oxidant gas (O2, air). The SOFC standard design is based on an anode-supported electrolyte. The anode is composed of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and nickel oxide (NiO). NiO is reduced in situ into metallic nickel during the first use of the fuel cell. Porosity is formed to compensate the volume shrinkage induced by the reduction (40 vol%

A review with refs. concerning electrochem. oxidn. of orgs. in aq. media on iridium oxide and synthetic diamond based electrodes is presented. Effect of nature of electrode material influence on selectivity and efficiency of this process is considered. The model of reaction mechanism for electrooxidn. of org. compds. with simultaneous evolution of oxygen is proposed. [on SciFinder (R)]

The influence of an IrO2 interlayer between the Ti substrate and the SnO2-Sb2O5 coating on the electrode service life and on the efficiency of p-chlorophenol (p-CP) oxidn. for wastewater treatment has been investigated. The results have shown that if the loading of the SnO2-Sb2O5 coating relative to the IrO2 interlayer loading (g ratio defined by Equation 1) is high (g = 20-30) the service life of the electrode can be increased without modification of the ability of this electrode to perform p-CP oxidn. Thi

We studied the electrochemical oxidation, on Pt anodes, of industrial wastewaters containing 5-amino-6-methyl-2-benzimidazolone (AMBI). Electrolysis of this non-biodegradable effluent produces simultaneous oxidation of AMBI and chloride ions. Highly oxidative chlorine intermediate species further boost the degradation of AMBI. Solution temperature, pH and current density affect little the degradation of AMBI. At our best conditions, AMBI was 100% degraded in 45 min. However, because the reaction intermediat

The controlled biodegradation of ametryn and methomyl has been performed, in accordance with the OECD Zahn-Wellens/EMPA procedure, by use of an enriched mixture of activated sludge collected from three domestic waste-water-treatment plants (WWTP). During the process concentrations of ametryn and methomyl in the water samples were isolated by solid-phase extraction (SPE); recovery rates were 98.9 and 93.2 for methomyl and ametryn, respectively. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to dete

Metal nickel and copper grids are shown to be suitable supports for structured combustion catalysts. The increase of sp. surface area (SSA) of metal grids was achieved due to the porous outer layer with the structure of Raney metal developed on the wire surface. Transition metals (Co, Cu, Mn, Cr) oxides were deposited as active components on the pre-oxidized support and tested in total propane oxidn. Cobalt oxide demonstrated the highest activity. Reductive pre-treatment in the flow of hydrogen resulted in

A short overview of recent work on electroceramic materials relevant to methane-fueled SOFC systems is given. Various fuel feed options are considered, such as pure methane, biogas, and the addition of reforming agents. The principle and implementation into SOFC systems of mixed conducting ceramics for oxygen separation is described, as well as their characterisation by electrochemical methods. Ceramic anodes capable of operating with methane-rich fuel injection are presented. The document concludes with el

Electrochem. treatment of soils to 2 clays, kaolinite and montmorillonite, polluted with Cu was studied. Montmorillonite has higher exchange properties than kaolinite, conducting to stronger interaction between this clay and Cu. Electromigration of Cu takes place from the anode towards the cathodic compartment where the Cu is collected. Soil nature and its exchange capacity is detg. the extn. rate of Cu. Extn. is quicker on kaolinite than on montmorillonite. For both soils, final extn. rate were >85% of the

(Z)-(3,3-dimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ylidene)methyllithium can be readily generated by treatment of (Z)-3-bromomethylene-2,2-dimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptane with Me3CLi. At -75 Deg, the organometallic intermediate is configurationally stable and reacts with a variety of electrophiles under stereochem. retention. [on SciFinder (R)]

Kinetic experiments of electrochemical oxidation of iohexol on BDD electrodes for wastewater treatment

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Electrochemical oxidation of organics on iridium oxide and synthetic diamond based electrodes

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Analysis and toxicity of methomyl and ametryn after biodegradation

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