Publication

Excess lead in the perovskite lattice of PZT thin films made by in-situ reactive sputtering

Nava Setter, Paul Muralt
2001
Journal Articles

Abstract

The incorporation of up to 40 % lead excess into the perovskite lattice of Pb(Zr,Ti)O-3 (PZT) has been investigated. Three independent chemical composition analysis methods confirmed the correct determination of the lead excess, present as Pb2O3. High resolution TEM excludes any second phases and restricts the occurrence of lead excess to the perovskite lattice, suggesting a lead oxide perovskite of the form Pb2+Pb4+O3 with a 4-valent ion on the B-site. PZT containing such lead excess is thus a solid solution of PbZrO3, PbTiO3 and PbPbO3. The measured volume increase of the lattice due to a larger average B-ion matches very well with the calculated behavior based on standard ion radii and the B-ion radius dependence of the unit cell dimensions of PZT crystals. Structure factors as determined from Synchrotron X-ray diffraction are much better compatible with the B-site lead model than with the standard PZT ion lattice.

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https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/0a075b1c-920b-4a11-997d-ae32869207a0

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Nava Setter, Paul Muralt
2001
Journal Articles

Abstract

Official source

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/0a075b1c-920b-4a11-997d-ae32869207a0

About this result

Related concepts (32)

Piezoelectricity

Piezoelectricity (ˌpiːzoʊ-,_ˌpiːtsoʊ-,_paɪˌiːzoʊ-, piˌeɪzoʊ-,_piˌeɪtsoʊ-) is the electric charge that accumulates in certain solid materials—such as crystals, certain ceramics, and biological matter such as bone, DNA, and various proteins—in response to applied mechanical stress. The word piezoelectricity means electricity resulting from pressure and latent heat. It is derived (an ancient source of electric current). The piezoelectric effect results from the linear electromechanical interaction between the mechanical and electrical states in crystalline materials with no inversion symmetry.

Perovskite (structure)

A perovskite is any material with a crystal structure following the formula ABX3, which was first discovered as the mineral called perovskite, which consists of calcium titanium oxide (CaTiO3). The mineral was first discovered in the Ural mountains of Russia by Gustav Rose in 1839 and named after Russian mineralogist L. A. Perovski (1792–1856). 'A' and 'B' are two positively charged ions (i.e. cations), often of very different sizes, and X is a negatively charged ion (an anion, frequently oxide) that bonds to both cations.

Perovskite

Perovskite (pronunciation: pə'rɒvskaɪt) is a calcium titanium oxide mineral composed of calcium titanate (chemical formula ). Its name is also applied to the class of compounds which have the same type of crystal structure as (XIIA2+VIB4+X2−3), known as the perovskite structure. Many different cations can be embedded in this structure, allowing the development of diverse engineered materials. The mineral was discovered in the Ural Mountains of Russia by Gustav Rose in 1839 and is named after Russian mineralogist Lev Perovski (1792–1856).

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