Publication

Electron trapping mechanisms in magnetron injection guns

Jean-Philippe Hogge, Ioannis Pagonakis
2016
Journal Articles

Abstract

A key parameter for the gyrotron operation and efficiency is the presence of trapped electrons. Two electron trapping mechanisms can take place in gyrotrons: (i) the adiabatic trap and (ii) the magnetic potential well. Their influence on the gyrotron operation is analyzed. Two gun design criteria are then proposed to suppress both mechanisms in order to minimize the risk of possible problems. Experimental results of three high power gyrotrons are presented and their performance is correlated to the presence of populations of trapped electrons. Finally, some very general gun design principles are presented for the limitation of harmful electron trapping.

Official source

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/09264ca5-5439-4797-830b-d9914831e38d

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Jean-Philippe Hogge, Ioannis Pagonakis
2016
Journal Articles

Abstract

Official source

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/09264ca5-5439-4797-830b-d9914831e38d

About this result

Related concepts (22)

Electron

The electron (_Electron or _beta-) is a subatomic particle with a negative one elementary electric charge. Electrons belong to the first generation of the lepton particle family, and are generally thought to be elementary particles because they have no known components or substructure. The electron's mass is approximately 1/1836 that of the proton. Quantum mechanical properties of the electron include an intrinsic angular momentum (spin) of a half-integer value, expressed in units of the reduced Planck constant, ħ.

Electron ionization

Electron ionization (EI, formerly known as electron impact ionization and electron bombardment ionization) is an ionization method in which energetic electrons interact with solid or gas phase atoms or molecules to produce ions. EI was one of the first ionization techniques developed for mass spectrometry. However, this method is still a popular ionization technique. This technique is considered a hard (high fragmentation) ionization method, since it uses highly energetic electrons to produce ions.

Gyrotron

A gyrotron is a class of high-power linear-beam vacuum tubes that generates millimeter-wave electromagnetic waves by the cyclotron resonance of electrons in a strong magnetic field. Output frequencies range from about 20 to 527 GHz, covering wavelengths from microwave to the edge of the terahertz gap. Typical output powers range from tens of kilowatts to 1–2 megawatts. Gyrotrons can be designed for pulsed or continuous operation. The gyrotron was invented by Soviet scientists at NIRFI, based in Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.

Related publications (32)

Electron trapping mechanisms in magnetron injection guns

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