Publication

Process for producing Li4Ti5O12 and electrode materials

Michael Graetzel, Ladislav Kavan
2003
Patents

Abstract

Nanostructured Li4Ti5O12 (spinel) was prepared via a method employing lithium ethoxide and Ti(IV) alkoxides as the starting reagents. The optimized materials contained less than 1% of anatase as the main impurity and, depending on the synthetic conditions, they exhibited the BET surface areas of 5-183 m/g. Trace amount of anatase in Li4Ti5O12 was conveniently determined by cyclic voltammetry of Li-insertion. Thin-film electrodes from nanostructured Li4Ti5O12 spinel exhibit excellent activity towards Li-insertion, even at charging rates as high as 250C. This behavior compares favorably with that of microcrystalline Li4Ti5O12 made by conventional high-temperature solid-state synthesis. A use of this compound in lithium secondary batteries is also disclosed.

Official source

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/082b5261-4c21-4408-817b-f2dbd52ffa45

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Michael Graetzel, Ladislav Kavan
2003
Patents

Abstract

Official source

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/082b5261-4c21-4408-817b-f2dbd52ffa45

About this result

Related concepts (31)

Lithium-ion battery

A lithium-ion or Li-ion battery is a type of rechargeable battery which uses the reversible reduction of lithium ions to store energy. The negative electrode of a conventional lithium-ion cell is typically graphite, a form of carbon. This negative electrode is sometimes called the anode as it acts as an anode during discharge. The positive electrode is typically a metal oxide; the positive electrode is sometimes called the cathode as it acts as a cathode during discharge.

Lithium–air battery

The lithium–air battery (Li–air) is a metal–air electrochemical cell or battery chemistry that uses oxidation of lithium at the anode and reduction of oxygen at the cathode to induce a current flow. Pairing lithium and ambient oxygen can theoretically lead to electrochemical cells with the highest possible specific energy. Indeed, the theoretical specific energy of a non-aqueous Li–air battery, in the charged state with Li2O2 product and excluding the oxygen mass, is ~40.1 MJ/kg = 11.14 kWh/kg of lithium.

Electrode

An electrode is an electrical conductor used to make contact with a nonmetallic part of a circuit (e.g. a semiconductor, an electrolyte, a vacuum or air). Electrodes are essential parts of batteries that can consist of a variety of materials depending on the type of battery. The electrophore, invented by Johan Wilcke, was an early version of an electrode used to study static electricity. Electrodes are an essential part of any battery. The first electrochemical battery made was devised by Alessandro Volta and was aptly named the Voltaic cell.

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Process for producing Li4Ti5O12 and electrode materials

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