The Third Gravitational Lensing Accuracy Testing (Great3) Challenge Handbook

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To date, galaxy image simulations for weak lensing surveys usually approximate the light profiles of all galaxies as a single or double Sérsic profile, neglecting the influence of galaxy substructures and morphologies deviating from such a simplified param ...

Context. The cosmological surveys that are planned for the current decade will provide us with unparalleled observations of the distribution of galaxies on cosmic scales, by means of which we can probe the underlying large-scale structure (LSS) of the Univ ...

We report the discovery of a complete Einstein ring around the elliptical galaxy NGC 6505, at z = 0.042. This is the first strong gravitational lens discovered in Euclid and the first in an NGC object from any survey. The combination of the low redshift of ...

Cluster-scale strong lensing is a powerful tool for exploring the properties of dark matter and constraining cosmological models. However, due to the complex parameter space, pixelized strong lens modelling in galaxy clusters is computationally expensive, ...

This study presents an augmented hybrid approach for improving the diagnosis of malignant skin lesions by combining convolutional neural network (CNN) predictions with selective human interventions based on prediction confidence. The algorithm retains high ...

The distribution of mass in galaxy-scale strong gravitational lenses is often modelled as an elliptical power-law plus 'external shear', which notionally accounts for neighbouring galaxies and cosmic shear along our line of sight. A small amount of externa ...

Estimating ecosystem-atmosphere fluxes such as evapotranspiration (ET) in a robust manner and at a global scale remains a challenge. Methods based on machine learning (ML) have shown promising results in achieving such upscaling, providing a complementary ...

Strong gravitational lenses provide unique laboratories for cosmological and astrophysical investigations, but they must first be discovered - a task that can be met with significant contamination by other astrophysical objects and asterisms. Here we revie ...

Monitoring of cardiac output (CO) is a mainstay of hemodynamic management in the acutely or critically ill patient. Invasive determination of CO using thermodilution, albeit regarded as the gold standard, is cumbersome and bears risks inherent to catheteri ...

We report the discovery of 15 exceptionally luminous 10 less than or similar to z less than or similar to 14 candidate galaxies discovered in the first 0.28 deg(2) of JWST/NIRCam imaging from the COSMOS-Web survey. These sources span rest-frame UV magnitud ...

Baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) provide a robust standard ruler to measure the expansion history of the Universe through galaxy clustering. Density-field reconstruction is now a widely adopted procedure for increasing the precision and accuracy of the B ...

To obtain an accurate cosmological inference from upcoming weak lensing surveys such as the one conducted by Euclid, the shear measurement requires calibration using galaxy image simulations. As it typically requires millions of simulated galaxy images and ...

This study integrates deep learning and geospatial analysis to enhance soil loss estimation in the Moulouya Watershed, a region prone to erosion due to diverse topography and climatic conditions. Traditional models like the Universal Soil Loss Equation (US ...

Context. The Euclid mission of the European Space Agency will perform a survey of weak lensing cosmic shear and galaxy clustering in order to constrain cosmological models and fundamental physics. Aims. We expand and adjust the mock Euclid likelihoods of t ...

To retrieve Surface Solar Radiation (SSR) from satellite images, a baseline reflectance of the observed ground in clear-sky conditions, also called background reflectance, is necessary to distinguish atmospheric absorption and scattering effects from surfa ...

Terrestrial particle accelerators collide charged particles, then watch the trajectory of outgoing debris - but they cannot manipulate dark matter. Fortunately, dark matter is the main component of galaxy clusters, which are continuously pulled together by ...

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as a powerful tool for solving differential equations by integrating physical laws into the learning process. This work leverages PINNs to simulate gravitational collapse, a critical phenomenon in astro ...

We report the identification of 64 new candidates of compact galaxies, potentially hosting faint quasars with bolometric luminosities of L-bol = 10(43)-10(46) erg s(-1), residing in the reionization epoch within the redshift range of 6 less than or similar ...

Object detection, a fundamental task in computer vision, is crucial for various intelligent edge computing applications. However, object detection algorithms are usually heavy in computation, hindering their deployments on resource-constrained edge devices ...

Aims. We derived galaxy colour selections from Euclid and ground-based photometry, aiming to accurately define background galaxy samples in cluster weak-lensing analyses. These selections have been implemented in the Euclid data analysis pipelines for gala ...

The Third Gravitational Lensing Accuracy Testing (Great3) Challenge Handbook

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Euclid preparation: LXVII. Deep learning true galaxy morphologies for weak lensing shear bias calibration

XXXIV. The effect of linear redshift-space distortions in photometric galaxy clustering and its cross-correlation with cosmic shear

Euclid: A complete Einstein ring in NGC 6505

CURLING - I. The influence of point-like image approximation on the outcomes of cluster strong lens modelling

Enhancing skin lesion classification: a CNN approach with human baseline comparison

Strong gravitational lensing's 'external shear' is not shear

On the added value of sequential deep learning for the upscaling of evapotranspiration

Searching for Strong Gravitational Lenses

Machine learning-enabled estimation of cardiac output from peripheral waveforms is independent of blood pressure measurement location in an in silico population

COSMOS-Web: Intrinsically Luminous z ≳ 10 Galaxy Candidates Test Early Stellar Mass Assembly

Optimal reconstruction of baryon acoustic oscillations for DESI 2024

Euclid: Improving the efficiency of weak lensing shear bias calibration

Application of Deep Learning and Geospatial Analysis in Soil Loss Risk in the Moulouya Watershed, Morocco

Euclid: Validation of the MontePython forecasting tools

Retrieval of Surface Solar Radiation through Implicit Albedo Recovery from Temporal Context

Hydrodynamical simulations of merging galaxy clusters: giant dark matter particle colliders, powered by gravity

SPINN: Advancing Cosmological Simulations of Fuzzy Dark Matter with Physics Informed Neural Networks

Tracing the rise of supermassive black holes A panchromatic search for faint, unobscured quasars at z ≥ 6 with COSMOS-Web and other surveys

Edge-Cloud Collaborated Object Detection via Bandwidth Adaptive Difficult-Case Discriminator

Euclid preparation XXXVII. Galaxy colour selections with Euclid and ground photometry for cluster weak-lensing analyses