Antibodies to combat viral infections: development strategies and progress

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SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, is predominantly transmitted by respiratory aerosol and contaminated surfaces. Recent studies demonstrated that aerosols can become acidic, and acidification has been proposed as decontamination method. Here, we ...

Inherited deficiency of the RNA lariat–debranching enzyme 1 (DBR1) is a rare etiology of brainstem viral encephalitis. The cellular basis of disease and the range of viral predisposition are unclear.We report inherited DBR1 deficiency in a 14-year-old boyw ...

Individuals differ widely in their immune responses, with age, sex and genetic factors having major roles in this inherent variability1–6. However, the variables that drive such differences in cytokine secretion—a crucial component of the host response to ...

Multiple respiratory viruses, including influenza A virus (IAV), can be transmitted via expiratory aerosol particles, and aerosol pH was recently identified as a major factor influencing airborne virus infectivity. Indoors, small exhaled aerosols undergo r ...

CD4+T cells orchestrate the adaptive immune response against pathogens and cancer by recognizing epitopes presented on class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC-II) molecules. The high polymorphism of MHC-II genes represents an important hurdle toward ...

Tick-borne encephalitis virus is an enveloped, pathogenic, RNA virus in the family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus. Viral particles are formed when the nucleocapsid, consisting of an RNA genome and multiple copies of the capsid protein, buds through the end ...

Background and Objective: Cough audio signal classification is a potentially useful tool in screening for respiratory disorders, such as COVID-19. Since it is dangerous to collect data from patients with contagious diseases, many research teams have turned ...

Current methods for near real-time estimation of effective reproduction numbers from surveillance data overlook mobility fluxes of infectors and susceptible individuals within a spatially connected network (the metapopulation). Exchanges of infections amon ...

Drug repurposing is an important strategy in COVID-19 treatment, but many clinically approved compounds have not been extensively studied in the context of embryogenesis, thus limiting their administration during pregnancy. Here we used the zebrafish embry ...

Upon recognition of aberrantly located DNA, the innate immune sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) activates stimulator of IFN genes (STING)/IFN regulatory factor (IRF)3-driven antiviral responses. In this study, we characterized the ability of a specific ...

Protein Engineering, especially protein post-translational modification (PTM), ex-tends proteomes in a more complex way than one can expect from analysis of their encod-ing genomes. It can activate or deactivate certain catalytic functions, add new desired ...

Contemporary genomic approaches allow us to seek answers to biological questions that were previously out of reach. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified numerous genetic polymorphisms associated with human diseases, providing new insight ...

The clinical outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infections, which can range from asymptomatic to lethal, is crucially shaped by the concentration of antiviral antibodies and by their affinity to their targets. However, the affinity of polyclonal antibody responses in p ...

Recent advances in the field of nanomaterials demonstrated how their use for vaccination can drastically improve immune responses, mainly by enhancing delivery and uptake of vaccine components. However, our understanding of the connections between presenta ...

Mitohormesis defines the increase in fitness mediated by adaptive responses to mild mitochondrial stress. Tetracyclines inhibit not only bacterial but also mitochondrial translation, thus imposing a low level of mitochondrial stress on eukaryotic cells. We ...

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are host-encoded antibiotics that combat invading pathogens. These genes commonly encode multiple products as post-translationally cleaved polypeptides. Recent studies have highlighted roles for AMPs in neurological contexts s ...

BackgroundThe need for effective public health surveillance systems to track virus spread for targeted interventions was highlighted during the COVID-19 pandemic. It spurred an interest in the use of spatiotemporal clustering and genomic analyses to identi ...

Antibodies to combat viral infections: development strategies and progress

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Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 at acidic pH is driven by partial unfolding of spike

SARS-CoV-2 brainstem encephalitis in human inherited DBR1 deficiency

Smoking changes adaptive immunity with persistent effects

Inactivation mechanisms of influenza A virus under pH conditions encountered in aerosol particles as revealed by whole-virus HDX-MS

Machine learning predictions of MHC-II specificities reveal alternative binding mode of class II epitopes

Simultaneous membrane and RNA binding by Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus capsid protein

A semi-supervised algorithm for improving the consistency of crowdsourced datasets: The COVID-19 case study on respiratory disorder classification

Spatially explicit effective reproduction numbers from incidence and mobility data

Identification of side effects of COVID-19 drug candidates on embryogenesis using an integrated zebrafish screening platform

A Baseline Cellular Antiviral State Is Maintained by cGAS and Its Most Frequent Naturally Occurring Variant rs610913

Protein Engineering for Personalized therapy and diagnosis

The interplay between human genetic variation, chronic inflammation and persistent infection: relevance for cardiovascular morbidity

Microfluidic characterisation reveals broad range of SARS-CoV-2 antibody affinity in human plasma

DNA-based biomaterials for nanoscale controlled modulation of immune cells

Tetracycline-induced mitohormesis mediates disease tolerance against influenza

Repeated truncation of a modular antimicrobial peptide gene for neural context

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection clusters: The useful combination of spatiotemporal clustering and genomic analyses