Computational models in the debate over language learnability

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Integer linear programming (ILP) is an elegant approach to solve linear optimization problems, naturally described using integer decision variables. Within the context of physics-inspired machine learning (ML) applied to chemistry, we demonstrate the relev ...

Motivation is a multifaceted phenomenon that we explore within the framework of decision-making. Through this cognitive process, actions are directed towards specific goals by performing a trade-off between the cost and benefit of an action. The dorsomedia ...

Diachronic stylistic changes in music are to a large extent affected by composers' different choices, for example regarding the usage of tones, intervals, and harmonies. Analyzing the tonal content of pieces of music and observing them over time is thus in ...

Human babies have a natural desire to interact with new toys and objects, through which they learn how the world around them works, e.g., that glass shatters when dropped, but a rubber ball does not. When their predictions are proven incorrect, such as whe ...

Studying the intricacies of individual subjects' moods and cognitive processing over extended periods of time presents a formidable challenge in medicine. While much of systems neuroscience appropriately focuses on the link between neural circuit functions ...

Recent works have identified a gap between research and practice in artificial intelligence security: threats studied in academia do not always reflect the practical use and security risks of AI. For example, while models are often studied in isolation, th ...

This paper investigates the potential impact of deep generative models on the work of creative professionals. We argue that current generative modeling tools lack critical features that would make them useful creativity support tools, and introduce our own ...

In the rapidly evolving AI era with large language models (LLMs) at the core, making LLMs more trustworthy and efficient, especially in output generation (inference), has gained significant attention. This is to reduce plausible but faulty LLM outputs (a.k ...

Video DeepFakes are fake media created with Deep Learning (DL) that manipulate a person’s expression or identity. Most current DeepFake detection methods analyze each frame independently, ignoring inconsistencies and unnatural movements between frames. Som ...

Implantable neural interfaces with the central and peripheral nervous systems are currently used to restore sensory, motor, and cognitive functions in disabled people with very promising results. They have also been used to modulate autonomic activities to ...

The field of text-to-video retrieval has advanced significantly with the evolution of language models and large-scale pre-training on generated caption-video pairs. Current methods predominantly focus on visual and event-based details, making retrieval lar ...

How the 'what', 'where', and 'when' of past experiences are stored in episodic memories and retrieved for suitable decisions remains unclear. In an effort to address these questions, the authors present computational models of neural networks that behave l ...

Resting-state fMRI has proven to entail subject-specific signatures that can serve as a fingerprint to identify individuals. Conventional methods are based on building a connectivity matrix based on correlation between the average time course of pairs of b ...

Functional and structural connectivity alterations in short- and long-range projections have been reported across neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD). Interhemispheric callosal projection neurons (CPN) represent one of the major long-range projections in th ...

Quadruped animal locomotion emerges from the interactions between the spinal central pattern generator (CPG), sensory feedback, and supraspinal drive signals from the brain. Computational models of CPGs have been widely used for investigating the spinal co ...

Current machine learning models for vision are often highly specialized and limited to a single modality and task. In contrast, recent large language models exhibit a wide range of capabilities, hinting at a possibility for similarly versatile models in co ...

Forecasting is a capability inherent in humans when navigating. Humans routinely plan their paths, considering the potential future movements of those around them. Similarly, to achieve comparable sophistication and safety, autonomous systems must embrace ...

Reciprocal Peer Tutoring (RPT) is a learning paradigm characteristic of collaborative interaction between learners with alternating tutortutee roles. In recent years, robot-assisted language learning (RALL) has gained traction by its wide application for l ...

For decades, the mammalian hippocampus has been the focus of cellular, anatomical, behavioral, and computational studies aimed at understanding the fundamental mechanisms underlying cognition. Long recognized as the brain's seat for learning and memory, a ...

With the increase in massive digitized datasets of cultural artefacts, social and cultural scientists have an unprecedented opportunity for the discovery and expansion of cultural theory. The WikiArt dataset is one such example, with over 250,000 high qual ...

Computational models in the debate over language learnability

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Integer Linear Programming for Unsupervised Training Set Selection in Molecular Machine Learning

Neurobiological and metabolic basis of motivation and effort-based decision-making - A human 1H-MRS, fMRI and machine learning study

Computational modeling of interval distributions in tonal space reveals paradigmatic stylistic changes in Western music history

Seeking the new, learning from the unexpected: Computational models of surprise and novelty in the brain

Ethological computational psychiatry: Challenges and opportunities

Towards more Practical Threat Models in Artificial Intelligence Security

Fashioning Creative Expertise with Generative AI: Graphical Interfaces for GAN-Based Design Space Exploration Better Support Ideation Than Text Prompts for Diffusion Models

Trustworthy and Efficient LLMs Meet Databases

Efficient Temporally-Aware DeepFake Detection using H.264 Motion Vectors

Organ Neuroprosthetics: Connecting Transplanted and Artificial Organs with the Nervous System

Beyond Essentials: Nuanced and Diverse Text-to-video Retrieval

Computational models of episodic-like memory in food-caching birds

Brain Fingerprinting Using Fmri Spectral Signatures On High-Resolution Cortical Graphs

CDKL5 sculpts functional callosal connectivity to promote cognitive flexibility

Puppeteer and Marionette: Learning Anticipatory Quadrupedal Locomotion Based on Interactions of a Central Pattern Generator and Supraspinal Drive

4M: Massively Multimodal Masked Modeling

Deep Generative Models for Autonomous Driving: from Motion Forecasting to Realistic Image Synthesis

Language Learning using Caption Generation within Reciprocal Multi-Party Child-Tutor-Tutee Interaction

Sharpening the blades of the dentate gyrus: how adult-born neurons differentially modulate diverse aspects of hippocampal learning and memory

WikiArtVectors: Style and Color Representations of Artworks for Cultural Analysis via Information Theoretic Measures