Publication

Cavitation risk estimation at orifice spillway based on UVP and dynamic pressure measurements

Giovanni De Cesare
2012
Conference Papers

Abstract

Orifice spillways might be affected by cavitation if the profile of the inlet structure includes a relevant curvature. At one of the world’s largest dams, such damages were observed on the profiled slab. To limit their progression, an adapted operation regime of the gates had to be defined using physical model tests. The risk estimation was based on dynamic pressure and velocity measurements, indicating that a maximum gate opening ratio of 0.8 should be respected until the damage is repaired and the profile re-shaped. Beside this, the data set allowed to compare the flow characteristics at the profile surface in terms of turbulence intensity and dominant frequencies. The Ultrasonic Velocity Profiler (UVP) provides comparable characteristic values as the dynamic pressure transmitter (DPS).

Official source

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/0183d182-9757-4cd3-b5f6-c7dea185014a

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Giovanni De Cesare
2012
Conference Papers

Abstract

Official source

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/0183d182-9757-4cd3-b5f6-c7dea185014a

About this result

Related concepts (32)

Pressure measurement

Pressure measurement is the measurement of an applied force by a fluid (liquid or gas) on a surface. Pressure is typically measured in units of force per unit of surface area. Many techniques have been developed for the measurement of pressure and vacuum. Instruments used to measure and display pressure mechanically are called pressure gauges, vacuum gauges or compound gauges (vacuum & pressure). The widely used Bourdon gauge is a mechanical device, which both measures and indicates and is probably the best known type of gauge.

Cavitation

Cavitation is a phenomenon in which the static pressure of a liquid reduces to below the liquid's vapour pressure, leading to the formation of small vapor-filled cavities in the liquid. When subjected to higher pressure, these cavities, called "bubbles" or "voids", collapse and can generate shock waves that may damage machinery. These shock waves are strong when they are very close to the imploded bubble, but rapidly weaken as they propagate away from the implosion. Cavitation is a significant cause of wear in some engineering contexts.

Static pressure

In fluid mechanics the term static pressure has several uses: In the design and operation of aircraft, static pressure is the air pressure in the aircraft's static pressure system. In fluid dynamics, many authors use the term static pressure in preference to just pressure to avoid ambiguity. Often however, the word ‘static’ may be dropped and in that usage pressure is the same as static pressure at a nominated point in a fluid. The term static pressure is also used by some authors in fluid statics.

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Cavitation risk estimation at orifice spillway based on UVP and dynamic pressure measurements

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