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Kristin Schirmer

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Related publications (90)

Page 1 of 5

Toxic effects of substituted p-benzoquinones and hydroquinones in in vitro bioassays are altered by reactions with the cell assay medium

Urs von Gunten, Kristin Schirmer

Substituted para-benzoquinones and hydroquinones are ubiquitous transformation products that arise during oxidative water treatment of phenolic precursors, for example through ozonation or chlorination. The benzoquinone structural motive is associated with ...

PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD2021

TransFEr: a new device to measure the transfer of volatile and hydrophobic organic chemicals across an in vitro intestinal fish cell barrier

Kristin Schirmer, Hannah Inka Schug

Transfer of compounds across cellular barriers is a critical step of compound uptake into organisms. Using in vitro barrier systems to evaluate such transfer is attractive because of the higher throughput and reduced resource needs compared to animal studi ...

ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY2018

Interference of silver nanoparticles with essential metal homeostasis in a novel enterohepatic fish in vitro system

Kristin Schirmer

Silver nanoparticle toxicity has been extensively studied in several vertebrate cells. Its correlation with cellular essential metal homeostasis, however, has largely been overlooked. In this study, we used a novel in vitro model of a fish enterohepatic sy ...

ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY2019

Influence of Microplastics on Microbial Structure, Function, and Mechanical Properties of Stream Periphyton

Kristin Schirmer

Periphyton is a freshwater biofilm composed of prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities that occupy rocks and sediments, forming the base of the food web and playing a key role in nutrient cycling. Given the large surface that periphyton comprises, it may al ...

FRONTIERS MEDIA SA2022

Toxicity and translocation of Ag, CuO, ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles upon exposure to fish intestinal epithelial cells

Kristin Schirmer

Understanding the ability of fish intestinal cells to act as a barrier for nanoparticle (NP) uptake and their effects is of significance from an environmental perspective as well as for human health, for which fish serves as an important nutrient source. W ...

ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY2021

Abcb4 acts as multixenobiotic transporter and active barrier against chemical uptake in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos

Kristin Schirmer

Background: In mammals, ABCB1 constitutes a cellular "first line of defense" against a wide array of chemicals and drugs conferring cellular multidrug or multixenobiotic resistance (MDR/MXR). We tested the hypothesis that an ABCB1 ortholog serves as protec ...

Biomed Central Ltd2013

Linking toxicity and adaptive responses across the transcriptome, proteome, and phenotype of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii exposed to silver

Kristin Schirmer

Understanding mechanistic and cellular events underlying a toxicological outcome allows the prediction of impact of environmental stressors to organisms living in different habitats. A systems-based approach aids in characterizing molecular events, and the ...

National Academy of Sciences2014

Improving a fish intestinal barrier model by combining two rainbow trout cell lines: epithelial RTgutGC and fibroblastic RTgutF

Philippe Renaud, Kristin Schirmer, Hannah Inka Schug, Carolin Drieschner

An in vitro model of the fish intestine is of interest for research and application in diverse fields such as fish physiology, aquaculture and chemical risk assessment. The recently developed epithelial barrier model of the fish intestine relies on the RTg ...

Springer2019

Intestinal Fish Cell Barrier Model to Assess Transfer of Organic Chemicals in Vitro: An Experimental and Computational Study

Kristin Schirmer, Hannah Inka Schug

We studied the role of the fish intestine as a barrier for organic chemicals using the epithelial barrier model built on the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) intestinal cell line, RTgutGC and the newly developed exposure chamber, TransFEr, specifically ...

AMER CHEMICAL SOC2019

Organ-specific biotransformation in salmonids: Insight into intrinsic enzyme activity and biotransformation of three micropollutants

Kristin Schirmer

Aquatic ecosystems continue to be threatened by chemical pollution. To what extent organisms are able to cope with chemical exposure depends on their ability to display mechanisms of defense across different organs. Among these mechanisms, biotransformatio ...

Elsevier2024

Addressing chemical pollution in biodiversity research

Kristin Schirmer

Climate change, biodiversity loss, and chemical pollution are planetary-scale emergencies requiring urgent mitigation actions. As these "triple crises" are deeply interlinked, they need to be tackled in an integrative manner. However, while climate change ...

WILEY2023

Toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic modelling of survival of Gammarus pulex in multiple pulse exposures to propiconazole: model assumptions, calibration data requirements and predictive power

Kristin Schirmer

Toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic (TKTD) models quantify the time-course of internal concentration, which is defined by uptake, elimination and biotransformation (TK), and the processes which lead to the toxic effects (TD). TKTD models show potential in predicti ...

Springer2012

A European perspective on alternatives to animal testing for environmental hazard identification and risk assessment

Kristin Schirmer

Tests with vertebrates are an integral part of environmental hazard identification and risk assessment of chemicals, plant protection products, pharmaceuticals, biocides, feed additives and effluents. These tests raise ethical and economic concerns and are ...

Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science2013

Chemical Aspects of Nanoparticle Ecotoxicology

Kristin Schirmer, Hannah Inka Schug, Yang Yue

Nanoecotoxicology strives to understand the processes and mechanisms by which engineered nanoparticles (ENP) may exert toxic effects on aquatic organisms. Detailed knowledge of the chemical reactions of nanoparticles in the media and of their interactions ...

Swiss Chemical Soc2014

Silver nanoparticle toxicity and association with the alga Euglena gracilis

Kristin Schirmer, Xiaomei Li

The impact of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on aquatic algae has largely been studied with model species that possess a rigid cell wall. Here, we explored the interactions of AgNPs with Euglena gracilis, a green alga having no cell wall but a pellicle. The ...

Royal Soc Chemistry2015

Hexachlorobenzene exerts genotoxic effects in a humpback whale cell line under stable exposure conditions

Kristin Schirmer

Humpback whales, like other polar wildlife, accumulate persistent organic pollutants. In Southern hemisphere populations, hexachlorobenzene (HCB) dominates the contaminant profiles. HCB is linked to a variety of health effects and is classified as a group ...

2019

A ribonucleoprotein transfection strategy for CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing and single cell cloning in rainbow trout cells

Kristin Schirmer

Background The advent of the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 technology marked the beginning of a new era in the field of molecular biology, allowing the efficient and precise creation of targeted mutations in the ge ...

2021

Cytotoxicity, Accumulation and Translocation of Silver and Silver Sulfide Nanoparticles in contact with Rainbow Trout Intestinal Cells

Kristin Schirmer

Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are widely used in consumer products especially because of their antimicrobial properties. However, this wide usage of Ag NPs is accompanied by their release into the environment where they will be rapidly transformed to other ...

ELSEVIER2021

Impact of wastewater on the microbial diversity of periphyton and its tolerance to micropollutants in an engineered flow-through channel system

Kristin Schirmer

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) play an important role in retaining organic matter and nutrients but to a lesser extent micropollutants. Therefore, treated wastewater is recognized as a major source of multiple stressors, including complex mixtures of ...

PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD2021

Development and application of the adverse outcome pathway framework for understanding and predicting chronic toxicity: I. Challenges and research needs in ecotoxicology

Kristin Schirmer

To elucidate the effects of chemicals on populations of different species in the environment, efficient testing and modeling approaches are needed that consider multiple stressors and allow reliable extrapolation of responses across species. An adverse out ...

Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd2015