Publications by Bruno Lemaitre

Related publications (125)

The Drosophila immunity handbook

Animals possess efficient mechanisms for detecting and neutralizing infection. The application of Drosophila genetics to the study of these mechanisms has generated insights into insect immunity and uncovered general principles of animal host defense. Thes ...

EPFL Press2024

Vertical transmission of a Drosophila endosymbiont via cooption of the yolk transport and internalization machinery

Bruno Lemaitre, Juan Camilo Paredes Escobar, Jeremy Keith Herren, Fanny Schüpfer

Spiroplasma is a diverse bacterial clade that includes many vertically transmitted insect endosymbionts, including Spiroplasma poulsonii, a natural endosymbiont of Drosophila melanogaster. These bacteria persist in the hemolymph of their adult host and exh ...

American Society for Microbiology2013

Dietary L-Glu sensing by enteroendocrine cells adjusts food intake via modulating gut PYY/NPF secretion

Bruno Lemaitre, Zongzhao Zhai

Amino acid availability is monitored by animals to adapt to their nutritional environment. Beyond gustatory receptors and systemic amino acid sensors, enteroendocrine cells (EECs) are believed to directly percept dietary amino acids and secrete regulatory ...

Nature Portfolio2024

Genetic evidence for a protective role of the peritrophic matrix against intestinal bacterial infection in Drosophila melanogaster

Bruno Lemaitre, Olivier Binggeli, Takayuki Kuraishi

The peritrophic matrix (PM) forms a layer composed of chitin and glycoproteins that lines the insect intestinal lumen. This physical barrier plays a role analogous to that of mucous secretions of the vertebrate digestive tract and is thought to protect the ...

National Academy of Sciences2011

Cecropins contribute to Drosophila host defense against a subset of fungal and Gram-negative bacterial infection

Bruno Lemaitre, Mark Austin Hanson, Alexia Laurie Carboni

Cecropins are small helical secreted peptides with antimicrobial activity that are widely distributed among insects. Genes encoding Cecropins are strongly induced upon infection, pointing to their role in host defense. In Drosophila, four cecropin genes cl ...

OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC2022

Mercury is a direct and potent γ-secretase inhibitor affecting Notch processing and development in Drosophila

Bruno Lemaitre, Patrick Fraering, Mitko Dimitrov, Takayuki Kuraishi

Prenatal exposure to mercury causes neurodevelopmental disorders and neurological pathologies in infants, such as microcephaly and mental retardation. Despite critical importance, the molecular interactions leading to mercury toxicity are yet to be elucida ...

2011

Thioester-containing proteins regulate the Toll pathway and play a role in Drosophila defence against microbial pathogens and parasitoid wasps

Bruno Lemaitre, Samuel Rommelaere, Anna Dostalova

Background: Members of the thioester-containing protein (TEP) family contribute to host defence in both insects and mammals. However, their role in the immune response of Drosophila is elusive. In this study, we address the role of TEPs in Drosophila immun ...

2017

Evolution of longevity improves immunity in Drosophila

Bruno Lemaitre

Much has been learned about the genetics of aging from studies in model organisms, but still little is known about naturally occurring alleles that contribute to variation in longevity. For example, analysis of mutants and transgenes has identified insulin ...

JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD2018

Gut commensal bacteria-derived methionine is required for host reproduction by modulating RNA m6A methylation of the insulin receptor

Bruno Lemaitre

Gut commensal bacteria promote host reproduction by modulating metabolism and nutrition, but the molecular mechanisms by which microbes regulate reproduction remain unclear. Here, we show that gut commensal bacteria promote host reproduction by providing t ...

2025

Anatomy and Physiology of the Digestive Tract of Drosophila melanogaster

Bruno Lemaitre

The gastrointestinal tract has recently come to the forefront of multiple research fields. It is now recognized as a major source of signals modulating food intake, insulin secretion and energy balance. It is also a key player in immunity and, through its ...

GENETICS SOCIETY AMERICA2018

Repeated truncation of a modular antimicrobial peptide gene for neural context

Bruno Lemaitre, Mark Austin Hanson

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are host-encoded antibiotics that combat invading pathogens. These genes commonly encode multiple products as post-translationally cleaved polypeptides. Recent studies have highlighted roles for AMPs in neurological contexts s ...

PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE2022

Microbiota-Derived Lactate Activates Production of Reactive Oxygen Species by the Intestinal NADPH Oxidase Nox and Shortens Drosophila Lifespan

Bruno Lemaitre, Jean Philippe Boquete, Igor Iatsenko

Commensal microbes colonize the gut epithelia of virtually all animals and provide several benefits to their hosts. Changes in commensal populations can lead to dysbiosis, which is associated with numerous pathologies and decreased lifespan. Peptidoglycan ...

2018

Taxonomic characterisation of Pseudomonas strain L48 and formal proposal of Pseudomonas entomophila sp nov

Bruno Lemaitre

An entomopathogenic, Gram-negative bacterium isolated from a female specimen of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster was taxonomically characterised. Strain L48(T) was strictly aerobic, non-fermentative, oxidase and catalase positive, rod-shaped, and moti ...

Elsevier2012

The Exchangeable Apolipoprotein Nplp2 Sustains Lipid Flow and Heat Acclimation in Drosophila

Bruno Lemaitre, Samuel Rommelaere, Jean Philippe Boquete, Jérémie Piton

In ectotherms, increased ambient temperature requires the organism to consume substantial amounts of energy to sustain a higher metabolic rate, prevent cellular damage, and respond to heat stress. Here, we identify a heat-inducible apolipoprotein required ...

2019

Two Nimrod receptors, NimC1 and Eater, synergistically contribute to bacterial phagocytosis in Drosophila melanogaster

Bruno Lemaitre, Jan Paul Dudzic, Elodie Julie Virginie Ramond, Claudia Melcarne

Eater and NimC1 are transmembrane receptors of the Drosophila Nimrod family, specifically expressed in haemocytes, the insect blood cells. Previous ex vivo and in vivoRNAi studies have pointed to their role in the phagocytosis of bacteria. Here, we have cr ...

2019

Genetic, molecular and physiological basis of variation in Drosophila gut immunocompetence

Bruno Lemaitre, Bart Deplancke, Maroun Bou Sleiman, Andreas Massouras, Dani Osman

Gut immunocompetence involves immune, stress and regenerative processes. To investigate the determinants underlying inter-individual variation in gut immunocompetence, we perform enteric infection of 140 Drosophila lines with the entomopathogenic bacterium ...

Nature Publishing Group2015

Functional Analysis of PGRP-LA in Drosophila Immunity

Bruno Lemaitre, Juan Camilo Paredes Escobar

PeptidoGlycan Recognition Proteins (PGRPs) are key regulators of the insect innate antibacterial response. Even if they have been intensively studied, some of them have yet unknown functions. Here, we present a functional analysis of PGRP-LA, an as yet unc ...

Public Library of Science2013

Infection Dynamics and Immune Response in a Newly Described Drosophila-Trypanosomatid Association

Bruno Lemaitre, Anna Dostalova

Trypanosomatid parasites are significant causes of human disease and are ubiquitous in insects. Despite the importance of Drosophila melanogaster as a model of infection and immunity and a long awareness that trypanosomatid infection is common in the genus ...

American Society for Microbiology2015

A non-redundant role for Drosophila Mkk4 and hemipterous/Mkk7 in TAK1-mediated activation of JNK

Bruno Lemaitre

BACKGROUND: The JNK pathway is a mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway involved in the regulation of numerous physiological processes during development and in response to environmental stress. JNK activity is controlled by two MAPK kinases (MAPKK ...

Public Library of Science2009

Long-range activation of systemic immunity through peptidoglycan diffusion in Drosophila

Bruno Lemaitre

The systemic immune response of Drosophila is known to be induced both by septic injury and by oral infection with certain bacteria, and is characterized by the secretion of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) into the haemolymph. To investigate other possible r ...

2009