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Jed Oliver Kaplan

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Related publications (44)

Long-term pan evaporation observations as a resource to understand the water cycle trend: case studies from Australia

Jed Oliver Kaplan

Acceleration of the global water cycle over recent decades remains uncertain because of the high inter-annual variability of its components. Observations of pan evaporation (E-pan), a proxy of potential evapotranspiration (ETp), may help to identify trends ...

Taylor & Francis Ltd2013

Comparison Between Reconstructions of Global Anthropogenic Land Cover Change over Past Two Millennia

Jed Oliver Kaplan, Jian Liu

Three global datasets, the History Database of the Global Environment (HYDE), Kaplan and Krumhardt (KK) and Pongratz of reconstructed anthropogenic land cover change (ALCC) were introduced and compared in this paper. The HYDE dataset was reconstructed by G ...

Springer2013

Early Anthropogenic Transformation of the Danube-Black Sea System

Jed Oliver Kaplan

Over the last century humans have altered the export of fluvial materials leading to significant changes in morphology, chemistry, and biology of the coastal ocean. Here we present sedimentary, paleoenvironmental and paleogenetic evidence to show that the ...

Nature Publishing Group2012

Impacts of changes in land use and land cover on atmospheric chemistry and air quality over the 21st century

Jed Oliver Kaplan, Songmei Wu

The effects of future land use and land cover change on the chemical composition of the atmosphere and air quality are largely unknown. To investigate the potential effects associated with future changes in vegetation driven by atmospheric CO2 concentratio ...

Copernicus Publications2012

Natural and anthropogenic variations in methane sources during the past two millennia

Jed Oliver Kaplan, Kristen Marie Krumhardt

Methane is an important greenhouse gas that is emitted from multiple natural and anthropogenic sources. Atmospheric methane concentrations have varied on a number of time scales in the past, but what has caused these variations is not always well understoo ...

Nature Publishing Group2012

Flooding of the continental shelves as a contributor to deglacial CH4 rise

Jed Oliver Kaplan

The transition from the last glacial and beginning of BollingAllerod and Pre-Boreal periods in particular is marked by rapid increases in atmospheric methane (CH4) concentrations. The CH4 concentrations reached during these intervals, similar to 650750 ppb ...

Wiley-Blackwell2012

Pre-Columbian deforestation as an amplifier of drought in Mesoamerica

Jed Oliver Kaplan

Droughts in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica caused significant societal disruptions during the Late Classic and Post-Classic Periods. While the primary causes of these droughts are still debated, it has been speculated that they may be linked to extensive defore ...

Amer Geophysical Union2012

The mid-Holocene vegetation of the Mediterranean region and southern Europe, and comparison with the present day

Jed Oliver Kaplan, Pamela Collins, Basil Andrew Stansfield Davis

Aim To contribute to the intense debate surrounding the relative influence of climate and humans on Mediterranean-region land cover over the past 6000 years, we assess the Holocene biogeography and vegetation history of southern Europe by means of an exten ...

Wiley-Blackwell2012

The effects of land use and climate change on the carbon cycle of Europe over the past 500 years

Jed Oliver Kaplan, Kristen Marie Krumhardt

The long residence time of carbon in forests and soils means that both the current state and future behavior of the terrestrial biosphere are influenced by past variability in climate and anthropogenic land use. Over the last half-millennium, European terr ...

2012

Magnitude and seasonality of wetland methane emissions from the Hudson Bay Lowlands (Canada)

Isabelle Bey, Jérôme Drevet, Jed Oliver Kaplan

The Hudson Bay Lowlands (HBL) is the second largest boreal wetland ecosystem in the world and an important natural source of global atmospheric methane. We quantify the HBL methane emissions by using the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model to simulate aircr ...

Copernicus Publications2011

The El Nino-Southern Oscillation and wetland methane interannual variability

Jed Oliver Kaplan

Global measurements of atmospheric methane (CH4) concentrations continue to show large interannual variability whose origin is only partly understood. Here we quantify the influence of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on wetland CH4 emissions, which ...

American Geophysical Union2011

Modelling prehistoric land use and carbon budgets: A critical review

Jed Oliver Kaplan

An evaluation of modelled estimates for C release following early land clearance at the global level based on new model assumptions suggests that earlier studies may have underestimated its magnitude, chiefly because of underestimation of the mid-Holocene ...

2011

2500 Years of European Climate Variability and Human Susceptibility

Jed Oliver Kaplan

Climate variations influenced the agricultural productivity, health risk, and conflict level of preindustrial societies. Discrimination between environmental and anthropogenic impacts on past civilizations, however, remains difficult because of the paucity ...

American Association for the Advancement of Science2011

Holocene carbon emissions as a result of anthropogenic land cover change

Jed Oliver Kaplan, Kristen Marie Krumhardt

Humans have altered the Earth’s land surface since the Paleolithic mainly by clearing woody vegetation first to improve hunting and gathering opportunities, and later to provide agricultural cropland. In the Holocene, agriculture was established on nearly ...

2011

Response of terrestrial N2O and NOx emissions to abrupt climate change

Jed Oliver Kaplan, Mirjam Pfeiffer

Being a potent greenhouse gas, N2O emitted by the terrestrial biosphere during abrupt climate change events could have amplified externally forced warming. To investigate this possibility, we tested the sensitivity of terrestrial N2O emissions to an abrupt ...

2010

Holocene land-cover reconstructions for studies on land cover-climate feedbacks

Jed Oliver Kaplan

The major objectives of this paper are: (1) to review the pros and cons of the scenarios of past anthropogenic land cover change (ALCC) developed during the last ten years, (2) to discuss issues related to pollen-based reconstruction of the past land-cover ...

2010

Atmospheric constraints on 2004 emissions of methane and nitrous oxide in North America from atmospheric measurements and a receptor-oriented modeling framework

Jed Oliver Kaplan

2010

Could anthropogenic soil erosion have influenced Mediterranean vegetation distribution over the Holocene?

Jed Oliver Kaplan, Pamela Collins, Basil Andrew Stansfield Davis

The circum-Mediterranean region is characterized by a strongly seasonal climate with rainy winters and intense summertime drought, steep topography, and a multi-millennial history of intensive human land use, all of which make its soils vulnerable to erosi ...

2010

The prehistoric and preindustrial deforestation of Europe

Jed Oliver Kaplan, Kristen Marie Krumhardt

Humans have transformed Europe’s landscapes since the establishment of the first agricultural societies in the mid-Holocene. The most important anthropogenic alteration of the natural environment was the clearing of forests to establish cropland and pastur ...

2009

Mid- to late Holocene climate change- an overview

Stefan Müller, Jed Oliver Kaplan

The last 6000 years are of particular interest to the understanding of the Earth System because the boundary conditions of the climate system did not change dramatically (in comparison to larger glacial–interglacial changes), and because abundant, detailed ...

2008

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