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Christian Ludwig

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Related publications (134)

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Online Size and Element Analysis of Aerosol Particles Released from Thermal Treatment of Wood Samples Impregnated with Different Salts

Christian Ludwig, Debora Foppiano, Adrian Hess

Thus far, the elemental characterization of particles in energy conversion process gases and emissions has conventionally either been performed offline or information on the particle size has not been available. Such processes include combustion in engines ...

American Chemical Society2016

Damage of Siloxanes on Ni-YSZ Anode Supported SOFC Operated on Hydrogen and Bio-Syngas

Jan Van Herle, Christian Ludwig, Stefan Diethelm, Hossein Madi

This work presents the poisoning effect of organic oxo-silicon compounds (siloxanes) which are generally found in sewage biogas. Lifetime and durability associated with solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technology is strongly related to the amount of contaminan ...

Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh2015

Trends and Seasonal Patterns in the Composition and Energy Content of Waste from three Ukrainian City Districts: The Influence of Commercial and Residential Areas

Christian Ludwig

The volume and composition of Ukraine’s municipal solid waste (MSW) has changed in recent years. The percentage of paper and plastics has increased considerably; consequently, manual separation of these materials from landfills has become necessary. In 201 ...

2015

Catalytic gasification of algae in supercritical water for biofuel production and carbon capture

Christian Ludwig, Frédéric Vogel, Martin Brandenberger

There has been growing concern about the way cultivating biomass for the production of agro-biofuels competes with food production. To avoid this competition biomass production for biofuels will, in the long term, have to be completely decoupled from food ...

2009

Preliminary evaluation of risks related to waste incineration of polymer nanocomposites

Christian Ludwig

If nanotechnology proves to be successful for bulk applications, large quantities of nanocomposites are likely to end up in municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) plants. Various studies indicate that nanoobjects might be harmful to human health and the ...

Elsevier2012

Integrated Aerodynamic/Electrochemical Microsystem for Collection and Detection of Nanogram-level Airborne Bioaccessible Metals

Jian Wang, Christian Ludwig, Tianyu Cen

The soluble fraction of aerosol particulate matter containing trace metals has the potential to engender toxicity and exacerbate the adverse health effects of particulate matter. In this study, an inertial-impaction-based fluidic chip integrated with elect ...

Elsevier2022

A Practical Guide on Coupling a Scanning Mobility Sizer and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (SMPS-ICPMS)

Christian Ludwig, Adrian Hess, Debora Foppiano

A large variety of analytical methods are available to characterize particles in aerosols and suspensions. The choice of the appropriate technique depends on the properties to be determined. In many fields information about particle size and chemical compo ...

Journal Of Visualized Experiments2017

Bioenergy in Switzerland: Assessing the domestic sustainable biomass potential

Christian Ludwig, Bernhard Steubing

This paper analyzes the sustainable domestic biomass potential for bioenergy in Switzerland. Relevant biomass resources were selected based on expert interviews and literature analyses. A definition of technical and sustainable biomass potentials was devel ...

Elsevier2010

Standard-Free Quantification of Dicarboxylic Acids: Case Studies with Salt-Rich Effluents and Serum

Christian Ludwig, Daniil Salionov

The present study evaluates the ionization efficiency (IE) of linear and branched C2–C14 dicarboxylic acids (DCAs) by electrospray ionization (ESI) under different conditions. The influence of the concentration of organic modifier (MeOH); mobile phase addi ...

2022

Rotating disk diluter hyphenated with single particle ICP-MS as an online dilution and sampling platform for metallic nanoparticles characterization in ambient aerosol

Christian Ludwig, Andrea Testino, Tianyu Cen

The application of single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (spICP-MS) for online metallic nanoparticles (NPs) characterization in ambient aerosol remains a challenge. In this study, a hyphenated setup consisting of a rotating disk dilu ...

2024

Sampling and Online Analysis of Alkalis in Thermal Process Gases with a Novel Surface Ionization Detector

Christian Ludwig, Marco Wellinger

When using biomass or waste as a feedstock for power production, alkalis are a major concern because of their negative effects on equipment. To investigate the release behavior of alkalis and the effectiveness of countermeasures, it is indispensable to qua ...

American Chemical Society2011

Extraction of Rare Earth Metals: The New Thermodynamic Considerations Toward Process Hydrometallurgy

Christian Ludwig, Andrea Testino, Rudolf Paul Wilhelm Jozef Struis, Ajay Bhagwan Patil

Successful management of secondary waste resources is essential for the viable circular economy. E-waste could serve as the potential urban mining source for the alternative supply chain of critical metals such as rare earth elements (REEs). The hydrometal ...

Springer Nature Switzerland AG2021

Sulphur poisoning of Ni catalysts in the SNG production from biomass: A TPO/XPS/XAS study

Christian Ludwig, Rudolf Paul Wilhelm Jozef Struis, Tilman J. Schildhauer

Ni-based catalysts are prone to deactivation (poisoning) of their active surface sites by sulphur and carbon species contained in the gas fed to the reactor. This study focuses on Ni/Al2O3-based catalyst samples which had allegedly been deactivated by sulp ...

2009

Dilution versus fractionation: Separation technologies hyphenated with spICP-MS for characterizing metallic nanoparticles in aerosols

Jian Wang, Christian Ludwig, Andrea Testino, Tianyu Cen

The presence of metal salts has become one of the major limitations for measuring metallic nanoparticles (NPs) in single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (spICP-MS). Their presence generates a background signal in spICP-MS that can be ...

2024

Sulfur containing organic compounds in the raw producer gas of wood and grass gasification

Christian Ludwig, Tilman J. Schildhauer

The detailed description of gas streams in biomass gasification plants is necessary for the correct design and operation of these units. Sulfur containing compounds are usually present in biomass gasification gas, since sulfur is typically found in the fee ...

Elsevier2014

SunCHem: an integrated process for the hydrothermal production of methane from microalgae and CO2 mitigation

Christian Ludwig, Rizlan Bernier-Latmani, Frédéric Vogel, Martin Brandenberger

Springer Verlag2009

Catalytic Supercritical Water Gasification: Continuous Methanization of Chlorella vulgaris

Christian Ludwig, Frédéric Vogel, Gaël Peng

Continuous catalytic supercritical water gasification (CSCWG; 400 degrees C, 28 MPa) of microalgal biomass (Chlorella vulgaris) was carried out at the microalgae production site of ZHAW in Wadenswil (Switzerland) nonstop over a period of 100 h. Microalgae ...

American Chemical Society2017

Characterization of Silver Nanoparticle Products Using Asymmetric Flow Field Flow Fractionation with a Multidetector Approach - a Comparison to Transmission Electron Microscopy and Batch Dynamic Light Scattering

Christian Ludwig

Due to the already prevalent and increasing use of silver-nanoparticle (Ag-NP) products and the raised concerns in particular for the aquatic environment, analytical techniques for the characterization of such products are of need. However, because Ag-NP p ...

2012

Real-Time Detection of Aerosol Metals Using Online Extractive Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Christian Ludwig

Metal emissions are of major environmental and practical concern because of their highly toxic effects on human health and ecosystems. Current technologies available in the market for their detection are typically limited by a time resolution of 1 h or lon ...

AMER CHEMICAL SOC2020

On-line liquid quench sampling and UV–Vis spectroscopy for tar measurements in wood gasification process gases

Christian Ludwig, Rudolf Paul Wilhelm Jozef Struis

In biomass gasification processes, the formation and handling of tars are of major concern. Robust and versatile analytical tools are needed to on-line monitor tar compound concentrations in process gases from lab- to industrial scale. This study addresses ...

Elsevier2016