Publications by Mark Henderson

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Beryllium oxide (BeO) and deuteroxide (BeOxDy) have been found on the melted zone of a beryllium tile extracted from the upper dump plate of JET-ILW (2011-2012 campaign). Results have been obtained using Raman microscopy, which is sensitive to both the che ...

The operating space of the TCV tokamak has been extended to higher elongation, kappa = 2.8, and higher normalized current, I-N = I-p/aB = 3.6MA/mT, than were previously attainable. This has been achieved by optimizing the parameters of the vertical position control system and by optimizing the plasma shape. Experimental current and beta limits were found to be consistent with ideal MHD stability calculations, using measured plasma shapes and profiles. The sawtooth period was measured as a function of elonga

The TCV tokamak (B-T < 1.5 T, R approximate to 0.88 m, a < 0.25 m) has produced a wide variety of plasma configurations, both diverted and limited, with elongations kappa(a), ranging from 0.9 to 2.58, triangularities delta(a) from -0.7 to 1 as well as discharges with nearly rectangular cross sections. Plasma currents of 1 MA have been obtained in elongated discharges (kappa(a) approximate to 2.3). Ohmic discharges with delta(a) < 0 have smaller sawteeth and higher levels of MHD mode activity than plasmas wi

This work aims at establishing the parameter space for the existence of geodesic acoustic modes (GAMs) on JET as well as investigating their driving and damping mechanisms predicted by different theoretical models. This was achieved using an experimental d ...

The MHD response and the penetration of a deuterium shattered pellet into a JET plasma is investigated via the non-linear reduced MHD code JOREK with the neutral gas shielding (NGS) ablation model. The dominant MHD destabilizing mechanism by the injection ...

A small component of ECCD exists when heating off-axis with no toroidal injection due to the field helicity. The sign of the ECCD will change depending on the absorption location in a poloidal plane, the beam injection relative to delB(vac), and the direction of the toroidal magnetic field. The importance of the ECCD component can be confirmed by the behavior of the sawteeth when the ECH deposition crosses the q=1 surface. The sawtooth period is very sensitive to the local shear at q=1 and it is shown that

An electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) system has been designed for JET in the framework of the JET enhanced performance project (JET-EP) under the European fusion development agreement. Due to financial constraints it has been decided not to implement this project. Nevertheless, the design work conducted from April 2000 to January 2002 shows a number of features that can be relevant in preparation of future ECRH systems, e.g. for ITER. The ECRH system was foreseen to comprise six gyrotrons, 1 MW ea

We report the first experimental observation of the depolarization of the Thomson scattering (TS) radiation, a relativistic effect expected to occur in very high T-e plasmas and never observed so far in a fusion machine. A set of unused optical fibers in t ...

A set of experiments was carried out in JET ILW (Joint European Torus with ITER-Like Wall) L-mode plasmas in order to study the effects of light impurities on core ion thermal transport. N was puffed into some discharges and its profile was measured by act ...

Electron heat transport experiments are performed in L-mode discharges at various plasma triangularities, using radially localized electron cyclotron heating to vary independently both the electron temperature T-e and the normalized electron temperature gr ...

In the TCV tokamak the sawtooth period and the sawtooth amplitude are observed to depend strongly on the shape of the poloidal plasma cross section. Systematic scans of plasma elongation and triangularity show small sawteeth with short periods at high elongation or low and negative triangularity, and large sawteeth with long periods at low elongation or high triangularity. Additional central electron cyclotron heating power further amplifies the shape dependence of the sawtooth properties. The sawtooth peri

The First Mirror Test for ITER has been carried out in JET with mirrors exposed during: (i) the third ILW campaign (ILW-3, 2015-2016, 23.33 h plasma) and (ii) all three campaigns, i.e. ILW-1 to ILW-3: 2011-2016, 63,52 h in total. All mirrors from main cham ...

Particle transport in tokamak plasmas has been intensively studied in the past, particularly in relation to density peaking and the presence of anomalous inward particle convection in L-and H-modes. While in the L-mode case the presence of the anomalous in ...

Learning to detect entity mentions without using syntactic information can be useful for integration and joint optimization with other tasks. However, it is common to have partially annotated data for this problem. Here, we investigate two approaches to de ...

Current profile tailoring has been performed by application of electron cyclotron heating (ECH) and electron cyclotron current drive, leading to improved energy confinement in the plasma core of the TCV tokamak. The improved confinement is characterized by a substantial enhancement (H-factor) of the global electron energy confinement time relative to the prediction of the RLW scaling law (Rebut P H et al 1989 Proc. 12th Int. Conf. of Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion Research (Nice, 1988) vol 2 (Vienna:

Within the range of plasma shapes and plasma currents investigated, the electron confinement time, Tau_E increases with density, elongation and negative triangularity (-0.4

A steady-state, fully noninductive plasma current has been sustained for the first time in a tokamak using electron cyclotron current drive only. In this discharge, 123 kA of current have been sustained for the entire gyrotron pulse duration of 2 s. Careful distribution across the plasma miner radius of the power deposited from three 0.5-MW gyrotrons was essential for reaching steady-state conditions. With central current drive, up to 153 kA of current have been fully replaced transiently for 100 ms. The no

Progress in understanding lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) at high density has been made through experiments and modeling, which is encouraging given the need for an efficient off-axis current profile control technique in burning plasma. By reducing the w ...

Clear evidence is reported for the first time of a rapid localized reduction of core electron energy diffusivity during the formation of an electron internal-transport barrier. The transition occurs rapidly (similar or equal to3 ms), during a slow (similar or equal to200 ms) self-inductive evolution of the magnetic shear. This crucial observation, and the correlation of the transition with the time and location of the magnetic shear reversal, lend support to models attributing the reduced transport to the l

Real-time (RT) disruption prediction (DP) is essential to trigger mitigation actions that avoid irreversible damage to the devices. This paper deals with disruption mitigation alarms and performs the RT implementation of a probabilistic predictor. The RT i ...

Mark Henderson

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Identification of BeO and BeOxDy in melted zones of the JET Be limiter tiles: Raman study using comparison with laboratory samples

Stability and energy confinement of highly elongated plasmas in TCV

Effect of plasma shape on confinement and MHD behaviour in TCV

Scaling of the geodesic acoustic mode amplitude on JET

3D non-linear MHD simulation of the MHD response and density increase as a result of shattered pellet injection

Poloidally asymmetric plasma response with ECH deposition near q=1 in TCV

The design of an ECRH system for JET-EP

First observation of the depolarization of Thomson scattering radiation by a fusion plasma

Effects of nitrogen seeding on core ion thermal transport in JET ILW L-mode plasmas

Electron heat transport in shaped TCV L-mode plasmas

Effect of triangular and elongated plasma shape on the sawtooth stability

First mirror test in JET for ITER: Complete overview after three ILW campaigns

Observation of enhanced ion particle transport in mixed H/D isotope plasmas on JET

Partially-supervised Mention Detection

Control of electron internal transport barriers in TCV

Preliminary Confinement Studies during ECRH in TCV

Steady-state fully noninductive current driven by electron cyclotron waves in a magnetically confined plasma

Review of recent experimental and modeling advances in the understanding of lower hybrid current drive in ITER-relevant regimes

Rapid and localized electron internal-transport-barrier formation during shear inversion in fully noninductive TCV discharges

Real-time implementation with FPGA-based DAQ system of a probabilistic disruption predictor from scratch